I-Corrosion Tubing Technology yokuLoba

Itekhnoloji yolawulo lweprofayili yokutofa ngokufanelekileyo ibhekisa kwitekhnoloji yokulawula ukufunxwa kwamanzi kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokufunxa ngamanzi ngomatshini okanye ngendlela yeekhemikhali, ukonyusa ukufunxwa kwamanzi komgangatho wokufunxa wamanzi aphantsi ngokufanelekileyo, ukwenza inaliti yamanzi iqhubele phambili ngokulinganayo kunye nokuphucula i-oyile yokutshayela. umaleko.

Kukho iindlela zoomatshini kunye neendlela zekhemikhali zolawulo lweprofayili yeenaliti zeWell. Indlela yokulawula iprofayile yoomatshini ikakhulu kukulungelelanisa ubungakanani benaliti yamanzi yomaleko ngamnye ngenaliti yamanzi ehluziweyo, ukuze kuphunyezwe injongo yokulungelelanisa iprofayile yokufunxa.

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-oyile kunye ne-Gas Wells, i-tubing engaphantsi komhlaba i-corroded kwaye ikhutshwe yimithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo ezifana ne-hydrogen sulfide, i-carbon dioxide kunye nokwakheka kwamanzi entsimi yegesi ixesha elide, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni udonga lwe-tubing, ukugqobhoza kunye nokuqhekeka.

1. 1.UkonakalaIimpawu zeTubing Well

(1) I-coefficient yoxinzelelo lokubunjwa iphantsi, ininzi yabo iphakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-0.7, kwaye ezinye ziphantsi, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuseka ukujikeleza, okuzisa ubunzima obukhulu bokugaya, ukugaya kunye nokugaya.

(2) Iqondo lokutya kwetyhubhu libi kakhulu, ngokubanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% ukuya kuma-60% (iqhezu lobunzima), kwaye udonga lombhobho ludliwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

(3) Amandla ekholomu yombhobho aphantsi, uxinzelelo lulula "ukunciphisa", kwaye phezulu kweentlanzi zihlala zitshintsha, ngoko ukuprinta okukhokelayo akuncedi;

(4) Kunzima ukwenza ikhonkco ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

2.I-Corrosion Tubing Umgaqo wokuLoba

Ukongeza kwimigaqo yesiqhelo yokuloba, ukuloba kwityhubhu ye-corrosion kufuneka kulandele le migaqo ilandelayo:

(1) Iimeko eziphantsi komhlaba zicacile, izixhobo zokuloba zikhethwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ingqibelelo ye-fish top kunye neentlanzi eziphantsi komhlaba zigcinwa ngokusemandleni;

(2) Ukhuseleko lolawulo lweWell kufuneka luqinisekiswe ngexesha lokuloba.

(3) Imisebenzi yokuloba ayikwazi ukwenza nzima imeko ephantsi komhlaba, nawaphi na amanyathelo kufuneka abe nendlela yokuphuma, ayikwazi ukuloba ngokufama;

(4) Ayinakuchaphazela umthamo wokuqala wemveliso;

(5) Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokulula ukungqusha, kodwa awukwazi ngokulula ukusebenzisa isihlangu sokusila, ukunqanda ukuntsonkotha ngakumbi;

(6) Thintela umonakalo kwi-casing.

3.Amanyathelo okuLoba kwi-Corrosion Tubing

(1) Umhlwa wetyhubhu ngokuqinisekileyo uzisa ukudleka kwengxowankulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela kunye nokugweba umgangatho wequla lequla, kwaye uzame ukunqanda umonakalo wetyhubhu kunye nebhokisi.

(2)Musa ukuyingxamela, yicwangcise kwaye uyilungelelanise ngokweenkcukacha. Iityhubhu ezidliweyo zahlukile ngokucacileyo kwityhubhu eqhelekileyo kunye nokuloba imibhobho yokomba. Iityhubhu azinakuhlangulwa ngendlela efanayo nokuloba imibhobho. Ukuba ukuloba ngokunyanzeliswa ngokugqithisileyo kwamkelwe, iityhubhu zinokubanjwa ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetho lwesixhobo lungekho ngqiqweni, lunokubangela ubunzima ngakumbi phantsi komhlaba, luzise ubunzima obungenakubalwa ekuhlanguleni kamva. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokuqala kungcono ukuba ungaqwalasela izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokugaya, ukugaya kunye nokugaya, kuba zihlasela kwaye zinokuthi zitshabalalise iintlanzi kunye ne-casing, zizisa ubunzima obuninzi.

(3) Izixhobo kufuneka zithembeke kwaye zichaneke. Inkqubo ye-brake yomatshini wokusebenza inobucayi kwaye inokwethenjelwa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwendandatho yokuphakamisa kunye ne-elevator iboshwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye umgangatho wentambo yentambo ihlolwe. I-crane, i-turntable kunye ne-wellhead kufuneka iphathwe ngokufanelekileyo. Umbhobho we-Kelly kufuneka ulungelelaniswe, emva kokusetyenziswa awukwazi ukunyanzeliswa kumda we-drill floor; Isalathisi sobunzima sibucayi, sithembekile kwaye sichanekile. Izixhobo kufuneka zihlolwe ngononophelo kwaye zibhalwe (ngokukhethekileyo ngemifanekiso) ngaphandle kweengxaki zomgangatho. Yenza umlinganiselo ngononophelo, bala "isithathu isikwere kwi" (intlanzi phezulu isikwere ibe, icala lokusindisa libe, icala lokusindisa libe liphezulu), kwaye umaka

(4)Fumana iimeko zangaphakathi kunye ne-annular zetyhubhu. Umgaqo ophambili wokuloba kufuneka uqale ukusuka ngaphandle kombhobho we-oyile, khangela i-annulus yangaphandle yombhobho we-oyile, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ungasebenzisi ukuloba kwangaphakathi (kwipayipi yeoli egrunjiweyo). Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunokulungiswa kwi-back-off slip fishing cylinder, i-cylinder yokuloba ifestile, i-sliding block window yokuloba isilinda kunye nezinye izixhobo ezingonakalisi intlanzi, uxinzelelo olulula kunye nokujika okucothayo xa uloba, ubunzima be-bit akufanele bube phezulu kakhulu. .

(5) Ukongeza kwizizathu zokhuseleko, ubukhulu becala luhlalutyo lolawulo lobugcisa, kwaye izinto ezihlayo neziphumayo kufuneka zihlalutywe ngononophelo, zidweliswe, zidityaniswe kwaye zibuyiselwe, ukuze kuhlalutywe iimeko ezinokwenzeka zomgodi.

(6)Ukuba uxinzelelo lokomba lwentloko yentlanzi lufuna ukuba lusezantsi (ngaphakathi kwe-1t), umboniso akufuneki ube mkhulu kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-10cm), kwaye ke iifayili zentsimbi kufuneka zilotywe ngexesha kunye nokumila kwentlanzi. intloko kufuneka ihlalutywe.

4.I-Corrosion Tubing Izixhobo zokuloba

1,Die Collars

Uluhlu olukhulu lwe-cone yokuloba intambo ye-cone ingamiselwa kwi-1: 8, ephindwe kabini i-taper yentambo yokuloba ye-cone yesiqhelo, kwaye ubude bentambo yokuloba bunyuswe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye uluhlu lokuloba lukhulu kakhulu uluhlu lokuloba lwekhowuni yesiqhelo yabasetyhini. Ngokomzekelo, i-cone yowesifazane i-MZ60 × 125 ubude bentambo yokuloba kwi-177.8mm casing yi-520mm, i-taper yi-1: 8, ubukhulu be-diameter yi-125mm, kwaye uluhlu lokuloba luyi-60 ~ 125mm; Emva kokwaphuka kwetyhubhu ye-73mm, ukwaphuka kwetyhubhu kuyacinezelwa kwaye kukhubazeke, kwaye i-axis yayo ende ububanzi iqhele ukuba yi-90 ~ 105mm, kwaye ubuninzi ngokuqhelekileyo abukho ngaphezu kwe-115mm. Xa uloba, ujikeleze phantsi, uholele isicathulo kwintlanzi ewelayo, intlanzi ewelayo ibe luhlu olukhulu lwee-cones zabasetyhini, kwaye emva koko uqhubeke ujikeleza ukugqiba ukugqiba phezulu kwentlanzi yokugqoka kunye nokubamba.

Uluhlu olukhulu lwe-Die Collars lusetyenziselwa ukuloba iityhubhu edlekileyo enoguquko olubi lomphezulu wentlanzi kodwa ngamandla athile, kwaye inokusindisa amaqhekeza aphukileyo kunye nobutyobo betyhubhu ukucoca umphezulu wentlanzi, kwaye inokusindisa iityhubhu epheleleyo. , esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo phezulu kweentlanzi.

2.Block Spears Fishing

I-Block Spears yenziwe ngumzimba womphanda, isilayidi kunye nesihlangu sesikhokelo. Isiphelo esiphezulu se-cylinder yintambo yangaphakathi, enokuthi idibaniswe ne-cylinder ende. Umngxuma ongaphakathi ngumgodi weconical "unendawo encinci ephezulu" kwaye iichute ezintathu zivulwe ngokulinganayo kumbindi. Ibhloko yesilayidi ifakwe kwi-chute, isiphelo sobuso besilayidi sicutshungulwa ngamazinyo e-radial, kwaye ubuso obungaphakathi bunomqolo wamazinyo angaphakathi anqamlezayo. Ngexesha lokuloba, isihlangu sikhokelela kwintlanzi kwaye isilinda sokuloba siyathotywa, umphezulu wentlanzi utyhalwa phezulu ecaleni kwe-chute, umphezulu weentlanzi udlula kwibhloko yesilayidi, isilinda sokuloba siphakanyisiwe, kwaye ibhloko yesilayidi ishukunyiswa ngokusondeleyo. i-chute yokubamba intlanzi kunye nokufezekisa ukuloba.

Inxalenye yokuloba kwiBloko inokuba ngumzimba wombhobho weoyile okanye ukudityaniswa kombhobho weoyile. Xa ukuloba, ukudibanisa kokuqala phantsi kwentlanzi ephezulu kunokudlula kwi-slider ukuqonda ukuloba ngokuphakamisa ukudibanisa; Isenokwenza ukuba isilayidi siphephe indawo enzulu yombhobho weoyile deformation kwaye ubambe indawo egcweleyo.

I-Block Spears ayinakuqaphela kuphela ukuloba ityhubhu, kodwa ikwaqaphela i-buckle ebuyayo xa ityhubhu ibambekile. I-torque ejikelezayo ihanjiswa ngamazinyo e-radial phezulu kwesilayidi okanye ngamazinyo angaphakathi kwisilayidi, isilayidi kunye ne-chute. I-sliding block dredge ilungele ukuloba iityhubhu apho i-corrosion deformation ingekho mandundu kakhulu, kwaye izinga lempumelelo yokuloba liphezulu.

3.Overshot Nge Slot

I-overshot ene-slot yenziwe nge-8 ukuya kwi-10m ye-scrap milling barrel okanye i-casing, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 1-1. Isiphelo esisezantsi sesigqoko sokuloba senziwe sibe yipeni yohlobo lwepeni kunye nesihlangu sesikhokelo sohlobo lwe-duck-bill, kwaye umzimba we-cylinder uvulwe ngokulinganayo kunye nemigca enye okanye emibini, ene-elasticity enhle, kulula ukuyivula ukuququzelela ukuqaliswa kweentlanzi eziwayo, kwaye kulula ukubuyisela indawo yokuqala ye-clamping intlanzi ewayo. I-hook yenziwe ngefestile yokuvula kwi-cylinder, i-triangular okanye i-trapezoidal, i-staggered, inamandla athile kunye no-elasticity.

Fig1 Overshot Nge Slot Diagram

Emva kokuba intlanzi ibonakaliswe kwiintlanzi eziwayo, i-bill yedada okanye isicathulo sepen tip guide iya kuvula ngokwemvelo kwaye ihle kufuphi nodonga lwe-casing. Intlanzi ewelayo iya kungena kwindawo yokuloba kwi-barrel yokuloba ngesihlangu sesikhokelo, icinezele i-elasticity ye-hook yokuloba, kwaye ngelo xesha, vula inxalenye ephukileyo, qhubeka unciphisa umtya wombhobho phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye intlanzi ewelayo iya . qhubeka ungene kwindawo ephezulu yombhobho wokuloba, uphakamise intambo yokuloba, kwaye i-hook yokuloba iya kubambelela kwi-pitting okanye ingene kumngxuma ogqwesileyo. Okanye ukuxhasa kwinqanaba lekhola kunye nokudibanisa ukufikelela kwi-corrosion tubing fishing.

I-overshot ene-slot inokusindisa umbhobho we-oyile owaphukileyo kunye nombhobho we-oyile osecaleni, kwaye unokusindisa umbhobho we-oyile owaphukileyo, inkunkuma kunye nolunye ubutyobo, ukucoca umphezulu wentlanzi, kunye nokudala iimeko zokuhlenga okulandelayo.

I-4.Isixhobo sokuSila kunye neSixhobo sokuLoba

Isixhobo sokudibanisa sinokugqiba umsebenzi odibeneyo wokugaya kunye nokuloba. Izicathulo zokugaya zidibaniswe kunye ne-window dredging dredging, i-sliding wire dredging drum, i-sliding block dredging idrum, i-cone yabasetyhini kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuloba, ezinokugqiba ukugaya, ukulungiswa kweentlanzi kunye nokuloba ngokubambisana. Ukuze kukhuselwe umphezulu weentlanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, izihlangu zokugaya zisebenzisa izihlangu ezinkulu zokugaya ubukhulu bangaphakathi.

Ikhowuni yoluhlu olukhulu lwecasing sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokugqwala kwe-corroding tubing casing. Yenziwe yicasing mill enkulu yangaphakathi kunye necone enkulu yoluhlu lwecasing. I-overshoes enkulu ngaphakathi kwe-diameter ine-diameter enkulu ngaphakathi, kulula ukwazisa phezulu kweentlanzi, kwaye ubungakanani beentlanzi ezigayiweyo zincinci; Uluhlu olukhulu lwentambo yokuloba i-cone yabasetyhini, isiphelo esikhulu somsonto wokuloba inkulu, kwaye ngokukhawuleza sincinci, umphezulu wentlanzi kwi-cone yabasetyhini ngokukhawuleza emva kokunxibelelana nenxalenye yokuloba. Ngoko ke, uluhlu olukhulu lwee-cones ze-female ezigayiweyo lunokukhusela umphezulu weentlanzi kumlinganiselo omkhulu, kwaye unokugqiba umsebenzi wokuloba.