Ngowuphi owona msebenzi uphambili wesithinteli sokuvuthela?

Kulwakhiwo lwe-oyile kunye negesi yokugaya, ukwenzela ukuba uqhube ngokukhuselekileyo ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lweoli kunye negesi kwaye ugweme iingozi eziphuma ngaphandle kolawulo, isethi yezixhobo - isixhobo sokulawula umthombo - kufuneka sifakwe kwi-wellhead iqula lokwemba. Xa uxinzelelo kumthombo wequla lungaphantsi koxinzelelo lokubunjwa, i-oyile, igesi, kunye namanzi kulwakhiwo olungaphantsi komhlaba lungena kumthombo kwaye wenze ukuphuphuma okanye ukukhaba. Kwiimeko ezimandundu, ukubhobhoza kunye neengozi zomlilo zingenzeka. Umsebenzi wesixhobo sokulawula iqula kukuvala ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawulezileyo intloko yequla xa kuphuphuma okanye ukukhaba equleni ukunqanda iingozi zokuvuthuza.

Ukugrumba izixhobo zokulawula kakuhle ikakhulu zibandakanya: isithinteli sokuvuthela, i-spool, i-remote control console, i-console ye-driller, i-driller kwaye ibulale izinto ezininzi, njl njl. Isixhobo sokulawula iqula siyahlangabezana neemfuno zobuchwepheshe bokomba, kulula ukusebenza, kwaye sinokuvala ngokukhawuleza kwaye sivule. intloko kakuhle. Iyakwazi ukulawulwa kwi-driller's console ye-drilling rig okanye kwi-console ekude kude ne-wellhead. Isixhobo kufuneka sibe nokumelana noxinzelelo oluthile kwaye sinokuqonda ukuvuthuza okulawulwayo, ukubulawa kakuhle kunye nokukhubeka kwezixhobo zokomba. Emva kokufaka isithinteli sokuvuthela esijikelezayo, imisebenzi yokomba ingaqhutywa ngaphandle kokubulala iqula.

Ii-BOPs zokwemba zingohlulwa ngokubanzi zibe yinkunzi yegusha enye, inkunzi yegusha ephindwe kabini, (i-annular) kunye nee-BOP ezijikelezayo. Ngokweemfuno zokubunjwa okugrunjwayo kunye nobuchwephesha bokugrumba, izithinteli ezininzi zokuthintela ukuvuthela zingasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ngexesha elinye. Kukho ii-BOPs zokomba ezikhoyo eziyi-15. Ukukhetha ubungakanani kuxhomekeke kubungakanani be-casing kuyilo lokomba, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bedayamitha ye-BOP yokomba bukhulu kancinane kunobubanzi obungaphandle be-casing coupling eqhutywa kwakhona. Uxinzelelo lokuthintela ukuvuthela luvela kwi-3.5 ukuya kwi-175 MPa, kunye nenani elipheleleyo le-9 yoxinzelelo. Umgaqo wokukhetha ugqitywe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-wellhead olunyamezelekayo xa uvala emthonjeni.