Gcoba ingxaki yengxowa yodaka kunye nonyango

Iimbangela PDC bit balling

1. Imiba yokwakheka komhlaba: i-stratum ekufuneka iqhutywe ngudaka oluthambileyo olungekho i-diagenetic kwindawo ephezulu, ekulula kakhulu ukunamathela kumphezulu we-drill bit kwaye ibangele i-bit balling emva kokudibanisa; nangona i-shale yodaka kwi-stratum i-diagenetic, kulula ukukhupha amanzi kunye nokusabalalisa, okwenza i-wellbore Umxholo wodaka okanye isigaba esiqinileyo eludakeni sanda kakhulu, esibhengezwa phezu kwendawo yokubhobhoza ukuze kubangele udaka lodaka; okanye ulwakhiwo luqulathe igypsum esasaziweyo, ebangela ungcoliseko lodaka, kunye nesigaba esiyingozi esiqinileyo eludakeni kunzima ukusisusa, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba i-drill bit ifakwe engxoweni yodaka; Ngaphantsi kwesenzo somohluko woxinzelelo, ifunxa isigaba esiyingozi esiqinileyo kwiqula kunye nokusikwa okungaqhutywanga ngexesha, ukwenza ikeyiki yodaka eshinyeneyo, eqokelelana phantsi kwe-PDC bit xa ikhubeka ukuze yenze ibhegi encinci.

I-3. Izinto zobuchwepheshe bobuNjineli: ukufuduka ngexesha lokugaya kuncinci, i-bottom yequla kunye ne-drill bit ayinakucocwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye isantya sokubuyela phezulu akwanelanga, kwaye ukusika kuhlala equleni ixesha elide, ukunamathela. udonga lwequla ukwenza ikeyiki yodaka eshinyeneyo, ngakumbi kumbindi nangaphezulu. Kunzima ngakumbi xa isantya siphezulu; ekubunjweni kwelitye lodaka elithambileyo, uxinzelelo lokomba lukhulu kakhulu, ukubunjwa okanye ukusika ukusika kwenza unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo nomgangatho we-drill, obangela i-bit balling;

4.Imiba yokukhetha intwana ye-Drill: uyilo lomngxuma wamanzi alukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokususwa kwetshiphu; i-angle yokususa i-chip ye-flow channel ikhusela ukusika ukuba kungashiyi emazantsi equla ngokutyibilikayo.

5. Imiba yenqanaba lokusebenza: isantya sokomba sikhawuleza kakhulu, i-drill bit ayityibiliki phantsi kwe-spiral track, kodwa ngokuqhubekayo ikhuhla ikhekhe lodaka okanye i-cuttings eludongeni lomthombo, olunokubangela lula isikhwama se-bit; Ayikokudibanisa i-kelly ukugungxula i-drill bit circular, kodwa ukucinezela okanye ukubethelela phantsi, kunye nekeyiki yodaka okanye i-cuttings ekhutshiwe eludongeni lomthombo iya kupakisha i-drill bit; indlela yokusebenza ayichanekanga xa kugrunjwa ukuya ezantsi. , Emva kokuqala impompo, kuya kubangela ukuba i-drill bit ibhegi; xa ubhobhoza kwiifom ezithambileyo, i-drill iya kuhanjiswa ngokungalingani.

Ukuphathwa kwengxowa yodaka encinci yePDC 

1. Umgaqo-siseko wokuqala wokujongana ne-drill bits: musa ukukhawuleza ukubhola, kuba okukhona kupakishwe ngcono;

2. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba uthintelo okanye unyango lwebhola lodaka, akunakuphepheka ukulungelelanisa ukusebenza kodaka. Ukuba kukho naluphi na uphawu lweebhola zodaka kwi-drill bit, ukugaya kufuneka kumiswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-agent yokucoca kufuneka ifakwe emgodini ukucoca i-drill bit ngexesha lokuqala;

3. Yeka ukugrumba, ukwandisa ukufuduswa ukunyusa isiphumo sokugungxulwa kwe-hydraulic, phakamisa i-drill bit up ukuze ushiye ezantsi kwequla, ukwandisa isantya sokujikeleza kunye nokwandisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwenza ibhloko yodaka lula ukuyiphosa ngaphandle, kwaye unyuke. kwaye phantsi inani elikhulu lamaxesha, uze ucinezele phantsi kude kube ngezantsi kwequla ngaphandle kokuguqula i-Cycle ye-turntable ye-5-10 imizuzu, kwaye uphinde le nkqubo ingentla; ukuba ayisebenzi phakathi kwemijikelo emi-2, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokutsala uphume kwi-drill.

Isisombululo kukuba: lawula ukongezwa kodongwe olumhlophe olusasazeke kakubi kunye ne-asphalt yomjunipha xa uguqula kwaye uphatha udaka, qalisa izixhobo zokulawula eziqinileyo ngexesha lokususa amasuntswana amancinci anobungozi obuqinileyo eludakeni ngexesha lokomba, kwaye ubeke indawo ye-PDC bit phakathi kokomba. Ukujikeleziswa kwe-displacement kususa udaka olunamathele kwi-drill bit ngelixa ukomba ngexesha. Emva kokufikelela ezantsi, qala ujikeleze indawo enkulu yokufuduka kwimizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokugrumba. Ukubamba la makhonkco abalulekileyo kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo i-PDC bit ukusuka engxoweni. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba amagcisa kufuneka aqonde ngokuchanekileyo ukuba uxinzelelo lwempompo ye-standpipe luqulunqwe ngoxinzelelo lokujikeleza kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo lwe-nozzle. Ngethuba nje ukuhla koxinzelelo lwe-nozzle ku-zero, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi izimbobo zamanzi ezifakwe, uxinzelelo olumileyo aluyi kuchaphazeleka. Ke ngoko, ngokukhulula iliso, hayi kuphela uxinzelelo oluthe nkqo alunakutshintshwa, kodwa kunye ne-PDC drill bit isoloko ibangelwa lula kwibhegi.

2. Phonononga kwaye ubambe imithetho yokulawula i-directional well trajectory kwibhloko nganye ngokukhawuleza, ulungise isakhiwo sesixhobo sokugaya, kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwePDC okubangelwa ukulungelelanisa i-azimuth kunye nokuphambuka kakuhle phakathi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-compound drilling kwicandelo elisezantsi elinokuqhuba kakubi, Ukusebenzisa i-PDC ye-high-end bits kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kakuhle kunokuphucula umphumo wokusetyenziswa kweebhithi zePDC kunye nokunyusa isantya sokomba.