Ukwahlula kunye nokukhethwa kwesithinteli sokuvuthela

Isixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukusebenza kwezixhobo zokulawula kakuhle, ukufaka ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcina, kwaye wenze izixhobo zokulawula kakuhle zidlale umsebenzi wazo ofanelekileyo ngumvikeli wokuvuthela. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zokuthintela ukuvuthela okuqhelekileyo: isithinteli sokuvuthela ngeringi kunye nesithinteli sokuvuthela kwenkunzi yegusha.

1.Iringi yokuthintela

(1) Xa kukho intambo yombhobho equleni, undoqo werabha unokusetyenziselwa ukuvala isithuba sonyaka esenziwe ngumtya wombhobho kunye nentloko yomthombo;

(2) Intloko yequla inokutywinwa ngokupheleleyo xa iqula lingenanto;

(3) Kwinkqubo yokomba kunye nokusila, ukugaya i-casing, ukugawulwa kwemithi kunye nokuloba phantsi, xa kukho ukuphuphuma okanye ukuvuthela, kunokuvala indawo eyenziwe ngumbhobho we-kelly, intambo, intambo yocingo, izixhobo zokuphatha ingozi kunye ne-wellhead;

(4) Ngomlawuli wokunciphisa uxinzelelo okanye ukugcinwa kwamandla amancinci, inokunyanzela i-butt welded pipe joint ngaphandle kwe-fine buckle kwi-18 °;

(5) Kwimeko yokuphuphuma okukhulu okanye ukuvuthela, isetyenziselwa ukufikelela ekuvalelekeni okuthambileyo ngenkunzi yegusha ye-BOP kunye ne-throttle manifold.

2. Isithinteli sokuvuthela kwenkunzi yegusha

(1) Xa kukho izixhobo zokomba equleni, inkunzi yegusha evalwe ngesiqingatha ehambelana nobukhulu besixhobo sokomba ingasetyenziselwa ukuvala isithuba seringi yentloko yomthombo;

(2) Xa kungekho sixhobo sokomba equleni, inkunzi yegusha yokutywina epheleleyo inokulitywina ngokupheleleyo iqula;

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(4) Inkunzi yegusha yezinye izithinteli zokuvuthela iinkunzi ivumela ukuthwala umthwalo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukunqumamisa izixhobo zokomba;

(5) Kukho umngxuma osecaleni kwiqokobhe lenkunzi yegusha i-BOP, enokusebenzisa umngxuma osecaleni wokuthomalalisa uxinzelelo;

(6) I-Ram BOP ingasetyenziselwa ukutywinwa kwequla ixesha elide;

3.Ukukhethwa kwe-BOP indibaniselwano

Imiba ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ekukhetheni indibaniselwano ye-hydraulic blowout preventer yile: uhlobo lomthombo, uxinzelelo lokubunjwa, ubungakanani becasing, uhlobo lolwelo lokubumba, impembelelo yemozulu, iimfuno zokusingqongileyo, njl.

(1) Ukukhethwa kwenqanaba loxinzelelo

Ikakhulu igqitywe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-wellhead ekulindeleke ukuba indibaniselwano ye-BOP imelane nayo. Kukho amanqanaba amahlanu oxinzelelo lwe-BOP: 14MPa, 21MPa, 35MPa, 70MPa, 105MPa, 140MPa.

(2) Ukukhetha indlela

Ububanzi bokudibanisa kwe-BOP kuxhomekeke kubungakanani be-casing kuyilo lwesakhiwo sequla, oko kukuthi, kufuneka libe likhulu kancinane kunobubanzi obungaphandle be-casing encanyathiselwe kuyo. Kukho iintlobo ezilithoba zokuthintela ukuvuthela kwedayamitha: 180mm, 230mm, 280mm, 346mm, 426mm, 476mm, 528mm, 540mm, 680mm. Phakathi kwabo, i-230mm, i-280mm, i-346mm kunye ne-540mm isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwintsimi.

(3) Ukhetho lwefom yokudibanisa

Ukukhethwa kwefom edibeneyo isekelwe ikakhulu kuxinzelelo lokubumba, iimfuno zenkqubo yokubhoboza, isakhiwo sesixhobo sokugaya kunye neemeko zokuxhasa izixhobo.