Iintlobo ezingama-20 ezahlukeneyo zemeko yokubhola kunye nesisombululo 1

Ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, sihlala sijongana neemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokusilela kwezixhobo, ukhuseleko lokusebenza, ukunqongophala kwezinto, njl.

Kodwa xa kukho iimeko ezingxamisekileyo, nokuba yimililo, ukuvuza kwamanzi, njl.njl., singawathatha njani amanyathelo okunciphisa ilahleko? Masihlalutye izizathu size sithethe ngendlela yokujongana nazo ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Kutheni kufuneka “umise ipompo kade kwaye uyiqalise kwangethuba” xa ugqobhoza ngokukhawuleza ukuze udibanise ingcambu enye?

Kuba xa kugrunjwa ngokukhawuleza, isantya sokugrunjwa siyakhawuleza kwaye kukho iziqwenga ezininzi. Ukuze koyiswe amandla okuxhoma aphantsi olwelo lokugrunjwa kwaye kuthintelwe ukuba ulwelo lokugrunjwa lungami ixesha elide xa kudityaniswa ingcambu enye, kuyimfuneko "ukumisa ipompo kade kwaye uqale ipompo kwangethuba" ukuze kuncitshiswe ixesha lokuma kolwelo lokugrunjwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

2. Ungawugweba njani ngokuchanekileyo ukuba i-roller bit ibambekile?

Ngexesha lokubhola, ukuba i-torque iyanda (njengokwanda komthwalo kwitafile ejikelezayo, ukuxhuzula rhoqo kwentonga yesikwere yokubhola, uthotho oluqinileyo nolukhululekileyo lwetafile ejikelezayo, isandi esiphezulu nesiphantsi senjini yedizili, itafile ejikelezayo iyajika emva kokuba itafile ejikelezayo isusiwe, njl.njl.), ikhowuni ye-drill bit inokunamathela, idibene nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwekhowuni kunye neemeko zokwakheka. I-drill kufuneka ijikeleziswe ngoko nangoko.

3. Zithini iingozi zokubhola ngesantya esiphezulu?

① Kulula ukulayisha kakhulu isixhobo sokugrumba;

② Xa kukho iimeko ezinzima phantsi komhlaba, kulula ukutsala i-drill bit (i-drill ibambekile);

③ Isantya sokubhola sikhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye xa umoya uphuma ungaphumeleli, kuya kubangela imoto ephezulu;

④ Kulula ukuvelisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lokumpompa, okubangela ukugcwala, ukuphalala kwamanzi emthonjeni, okanye ukudilika kokwakheka kwawo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba umngxuma oqhelekileyo ube nzima;

4. Ziziphi iingozi zokubhola ngokukhawuleza kakhulu?

① Kulula ukubangela ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga kwebhanti yebrake, idrama yebrake kunye nentambo enkulu;

② Nje ukuba ikhawuleze yadibana nokumelana, kulula ukubangela iingozi ezinje ngokuphula i-drill bit, ukuvala i-drill bit okanye ukuyeka i-drill;

③ Ivelisa uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lokuvuthela, kulula ukubangela ukuvuza kwequla kunye nokudilika kwequla;

④ Yenza ukuba i-drill bit ingqubane nodonga lomthombo kwaye yonakalise amazinyo kunye neebheringi, nto leyo enciphisa ubomi be-drill bit;

⑤ Kulula ukuba inani elikhulu leetships zamatye lingene kwi-drill bit ukusuka kumngxuma wamanzi we-drill bit, nto leyo elula ukubangela ukuba umngxuma wamanzi we-pump drill bit uvaleke;

5. Ungajongana njani nokusilela kweebhuleki xa uthoba i-drill bit?

Okokuqala, i-clutch enesantya esiphantsi kufuneka ibotshelelwe ukuze inciphise isantya sokutyibilika. Abasebenzi beentloko zentsimbi kufuneka babambe ngokukhawuleza isiliphu okanye babophe ikhadi lokuphakamisa, kwaye bonke abasebenzi kufuneka baphume ngokukhawuleza kwintloko yentsimbi.

6. Yintoni isizathu sokujijwa kwentambo enkulu ngexesha lokubhoboza? Ungajongana njani nayo?

Izizathu zezi:

(1) Intambo entsha yocingo ayikakhululwa;

(2) Iqhekeza lokubhola lijikeleza kakhulu ngexesha lokubhola;

(3) Iphini enkulu yehoko ayivulwanga;

Indlela yokuphatha:

(1) Khulula intloko yentambo ephilayo yentambo enkulu ukuze ukhulule ukujijeka kwentambo yentambo;

(2) Lawula isantya sokubhola ukuze unciphise ukujikeleza kwe-drill bit;

(3) Ukuba iphini enkulu yehoko ayivulwanga, i-drill bit ingadityaniswa ne-slip, kwaye uzame ukujika inqwelo yokuhamba ukuze uvule iphini ye-brake kwaye ukhulule ukujija;

7. Kutheni kufuneka uvule iphini enkulu xa ugqobhoza?

Eyona njongo iphambili yokuvula iphini enkulu xa kugrunjwa kukuthintela intambo yocingo ukuba ingajiki xa iqhekeza lokugrunjwa lifakwa kwaye lisuswa. Liyanceda ekujikelezweni kweqhekeza lokugrunjwa xa kukho isizinzisi equleni, kwaye lilungele ukusebenza kweqonga lomgangatho wesibini kunye nentloko yequla.

8. Kutheni kufuneka ujikelezise ulwelo lokugrumba ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha lokugrumba?

① Ixesha elingashukumiyo elingaphantsi komhlaba lide okanye ulwelo lokugrumba lujikeleziswa ngesizathu esithile ngaphambi kokugrumba ukuthintela ukusebenza kolwelo lokugrumba ukuba lungaboli okanye intlabathi eninzi ukuba ingahlali, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima ekuqaliseni ipompo;

② Ukwakheka komhlaba kungadilika;

③ Ukusebenza kolwelo lokugrumba kuyehla ngenxa yokuntywiliselwa emanzini anetyuwa kunye nokungena kwegypsum;

④ Kukho ukuvuza okuncinci equleni;

⑤ Imeko engaphantsi komhlaba inzima kwaye kudla ngokuba nzima ukuqalisa ipompo;

⑥ Icandelo elivulekileyo lomngxuma lide, umthombo unzulu okanye kukho umaleko weoyile negesi oxinzelelweyo kakhulu;

Ukuthintela ukuba imeko engentla ingabi mbi, ulwelo lokubhola kufuneka lujikeleziswe embindini.

9. Yintoni isizathu sokuxhathisa xa kugrunjwa? Ungakuthintela kwaye ujongane njani nako?

Izizathu zokuthintelwa zezi:

① Ukukhupha i-piston okanye ukungazalisi kakuhle ulwelo lokugrumba kubangela ukuba umthombo udilike;

② Ukusebenza kolwelo lokugrumba akulunganga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ikeyiki yodaka olujiyileyo kunye ne-wellbor encinci;

③ Ububanzi be-drill bit budakile kakhulu, kwaye i-drill bit entsha ibangela ukuvaleka;

④ Ngaphambi kokuba kukhutshwe ulwelo lokugrumba, iziqwenga azizange zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo emhlabeni ukuze zijikeleze kakuhle ulwelo lokugrumba;

⑤ Ulwakhiwo lwesixhobo sokugrumba luyatshintsha;

⑥ Umthombo womthombo awuqhelekanga, unezibhulorho zesanti okanye izinto eziwayo;

⑦ Emva kokuba umthombo oqondisiweyo ugqojozwe nge-power drill;

Amanyathelo okuthintela nonyango:

Ngaphambi kokuba ukhuphe ulwelo lokugrumba, luphathe kakuhle kwaye ulujikelezise ngokupheleleyo. Ngexesha lokukhupha ulwelo lokugrumba, luzalise kakuhle ngokwemigaqo. Ukuba kukho into ebambekileyo, kufuneka ilungiswe. Ngaphambi kokuba ugrumbe, jonga uhlobo lwebhithi yokugrumba ngokweenkcukacha. Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwisakhiwo sesixhobo sokugrumba, qaphela ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka ngexesha lokugrumba. Ukuba kukho into etsala i-piston ngexesha lokugrumba, musa ukuyitsala nzima. Ukuba kukho into ebambekayo ngexesha lokugrumba, musa ukuyicinezela ngamandla. Kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle.

10. Xa ugrumba ukuya kufikelela kwisakhiwo esingaphantsi kweDongying Formation uze udibane nokuphazanyiswa, yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa ugrumba?

(1) Thobela ngokungqongqo umgaqo othi “ukufunxa kube kanye, ukuvula kabini, kunye nokufunxa kathathu”, kwaye akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukucinezela nokwehlisa ngelixa ujikeleza ukuthintela ukufunxa imibhobho emitsha yamanzi;

(2) Nika ingqalelo ngononophelo kutshintsho kuxinzelelo lwepompo ukuze uthintele ukuvaleka kwepompo, kwaye uqalise ipompo ngokuhambisa okuncinci kwaye uyinyuse kancinci kancinci;

(3) Phatha kakuhle ulwelo lokugrumba, kwaye wandise ukufuduka ukuze uhlambe umthombo emva kokuba ukujikeleza kwegazi kuqhelekile;

(4) Phindaphinda-phinda icandelo lomthombo elintsonkothileyo ude ungaphazanyiswa;