Intloko yeCasing: Igazi Lobomi Elidibanisa Umphezulu Nomphezulu Ongaphantsi

Isiseko sendawo yokuguqula umthwalo kunye noxinzelelo kuyo yonke indawoizixhobo zemithombo yamanzi—intloko yesikhumba. Namhlanje, sigxila kule nxalenye ibalulekileyo yokufumanisa indlela eli “gazi lobomi elidibanisa umphezulu nomphezulu ongaphantsi komhlaba” eliqinisekisa ngayo ukhuseleko olupheleleyo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ekwakhiweni kwawo.

I. Inkcazo kunye nomsebenzi: Isiseko seNtlambo

Ngokwezobuchwepheshe, intloko yesikhongozeli yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesakhiwo edibanisa umtya wesikhongozeli esingaphantsi komhlaba kwizixhobo zentloko yemithombo. Isiphelo sayo esisezantsi siqhagamshelwe ngokusisigxina kwisikhongozeli esingaphezulu ngemisonto, izilayidi eziguquliweyo, okanye ukuwelda; isiphelo sayo esingaphezulu siqhagamshelwe kumthi weKrisimesi wokubhola okanye i-single (single ram BOP stack) ngee-flanges okanye ii-clamps.

Umsebenzi ophambili kukuxhoma nokuxhasa ubunzima bazo zonke iibhokisi zobugcisa ezilandelayo kunye neebhokisi zemveliso, ukubonelela ngesiseko sokufakelwa kwezixhobo zonke zeentloko zemithombo. Njengenxalenye yokuthintela imisele kulo lonke ixesha lokubhola, ukugqitywa, kunye nobomi bemveliso, intloko yesiseko sesiseko sokuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kwe-annular phakathi komaleko ngamnye weebhokisi kunye nokufezekisa ukwahlulwa koxinzelelo kunye nolawulo.

Umzekelo weModeli: TF 20*13 3/8-35MPa

Ukutolikwa: Intloko yecasing yeflange yohlobo olunye edibanisa ububanzi bangaphandle becasing obuyi-508mm (20-intshi), exhoma ububanzi bangaphandle becasing obuyi-339.7mm (13 3/8-intshi), enoxinzelelo olusebenzayo olulinganisiweyo lwe-35MPa.

II. Iindidi kunye neenxalenye eziphambili: Ulwakhiwo lwegazi lobomi

Iintloko zekheyisi ezisetyenziswa kwindawo leyo zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe zezona ziphezulu, zibe ziphezulu, zibe ziphezulu, kwaye zibe ziphezulu ngokusekwe kwinani leeleya ezixhonyiweyo. Ukongeza, kukho iintloko zekheyisi ezilula, ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwimithombo yokubuyisela ubushushu beoyile enzima eXinjiang Oilfield, ezineeflanges kwisiphelo esiphezulu kunye neentambo zekheyisi kwisiphelo esisezantsi, ikakhulu zisebenzisa ii-hangers zekheyisi zohlobo lwe-mandrel.

Iintloko zekhava eziqhelekileyo zihlala ziquka umzimba, i-casing hanger, i-gate valve, i-pressure gauge, kunye nezikrufu ezibekiweyo. Phakathi kwezi, i-casing hanger (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"casing slip") yinxalenye ephambili evumela umsebenzi wayo oyintloko, esetyenziselwa ukuxhoma iikhava zobugcisa okanye iikhava zemveliso.

Ukutywinwa kwe-core kwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amabini:

1. Isitywina Esiphambili: Ukukwazi ukuvala indawo ephakathi kwebhokisi exhonyiweyo kunye nebhokisi ephezulu, esebenza njengomqobo oyintloko wokulwa noxinzelelo lwebhokisi.
2. Itywina lesibini: Ukuvalwa okuzinzileyo okufezekiswa yi-BT, P, okanye izitywina zesinyithi phakathi kwesiphelo esingaphezulu (intamo) ye-hanger okanye phakathi kwe-casing exhonyiweyo kunye nomzimba wentloko ye-casing (okanye umthi weKrisimesi odibeneyo wokubhoboza, umthi weKrisimesi okhethekileyo) oqhagamshelwe kwi-flange ephezulu. Olu tywina luhlukanisa uxinzelelo olungaphezulu kwe-hanger kwindawo engaphantsi, lusebenza njengesithintelo esongezelelweyo esibalulekileyo nesinokuvavanywa.

III. Iinkcukacha zoBugcisa eziPhambili: Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuNqanda kunye nokuCima

1. I-Hanger yohlobo lwe-Mandrel (enemisonto)

Eyaziwa kakhulu kwindawo leyo njenge "intloko yekaroti". Itywina layo eliphambili lixhomekeke ekubalweni ngokuchanekileyo kobunzima bokunciphisa intambo yecasing, ehleli kwitywina eliyi-conical elifakwe ngomatshini ukusuka kwisinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi, kunye nendandatho yesitywina esijikelezayo esinomqolo njengesincedisi. Xa intloko yesitywina ifakwe ngaphezulu kwayo, iringi yesitywina se-BT kwigumbi elisezantsi lentloko yesityhubhu esebenzisana nentamo yesixhoma inokwenza isitywina sesibini esisebenzayo.

Iimpawu kunye neemfuno

Iingenelo: Uqhagamshelo olunemisonto, akukho mfuneko yokusika i-casing.

Iimfuno eziphambili: Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokusebenza—ubunzulu bokuseta ikheyisi kufuneka bulinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ubunzima obaneleyo bokuhlala kufuneka buqinisekiswe; kungenjalo, ukuvalwa okusebenzayo akunakufezekiswa.

2. I-Hanger yohlobo lokutyibilika

Ngokusekelwe kwimo yokutyibilika, zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe yi-W-type, WE-type, kunye ne-WD-type, zonke ziqhagamshelwa ngee-slip ezininzi ezinxibelelana ne-casing.

Uhlobo lwe-WD (Reverse Slips): Olukhethekileyo kwiintloko zekhava zesigaba sokuqala (zomphezulu). Ukufakelwa akudingi ukubalwa kobude bombhobho womqhubi; kufuneka kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukhulu bodonga kunye nobukhulu bendawo yokufakela ikhava (ukuphepha ukudibana) kuhlangabezana nemigangatho, kunqunyulwe kwaye kupolishwe ikhava ukuze ibe tyaba (iqondo elithe tye ≤ 0.5°, icala langaphandle lipholishwe nge-chamfer ye-10°), emva koko uyifake ngqo ngaphakathi. Isiphelo esisezantsi somzimba wekhava senziwe ngee-seal ezimbini ze-BT ukuze kuqinisekiswe udonga lwangaphandle lwekhava.

Uhlobo lwe-W kunye nohlobo lwe-WE: Zombini zisebenzisa i-slip taper kunye nobunzima ukuze kusebenze izitywino zerabha. Uhlobo lwe-W luxhomekeke kubunzima bokuxhoma kwentambo yecasing ukuze kusebenze isitywino esisezantsi ukuze kutywinwe okokuqala, kunye ne-tonnage yokumiswa ephezulu kunye nokutywinwa okuthembekileyo. Uhlobo lwe-WE lusebenzisa ukuqinisa ngesandla kwezikrufu eziphezulu ukuze kusebenze iringi yesitywino, efanelekileyo kwiimeko apho kukho iimfuno zoxinzelelo oluphantsi.

IV. Isitshixo Sokulungisa Esizeni: Ukusetyenziswa Nokulawulwa Kwemikhono Yokunxiba

Ngexesha lokugrumba, ukuthintela izixhobo zokugrumba ukuba zingagugi umphezulu wokutywina ngaphakathi kwentloko yecasing kwaye zichaphazele umgangatho wokugqibela wokutywina, kufuneka kufakwe isingxobo sokuguguleka (uhlobo olwandisiweyo olusetyenziswa eTarim Oilfield nakwezinye iindawo) ngexesha lokugrumba. Isingxobo sokuguguleka sihanjiswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kwaye silungiswe kwaye sinqunyelwe zizikrufu ezibekiweyo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo zokuhlola

Emva kokuphuma emngxunyeni ngakunye, jonga ukuba akukho zimpawu zesikrufu ezingaqhelekanga kwisleeve yokuguguleka kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iimpawu zesikrufu ezisetiweyo zikwisithuba esilinganiselweyo. Ukuba kufunyenwe ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga, intloko yequla kufuneka ilungiswe kwakhona ngoko nangoko. Ngaphandle koko, ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga kwexesha elide kunokuguguleka kwisleeve yokuguguleka okanye nakwisidumbu sekhava, nto leyo ebangela iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko lomthombo.

Ngamafutshane, siwuphononongile ngokucwangcisiweyo wonke umfanekiso wentloko yesikhongozeli—“igazi lobomi” lentloko yesikhongozeli. Ngenkqubo yayo yokumisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nemiqobo yokutywina enamanqanaba amaninzi, ixhasa ubunzima bezixhobo zolawulo kunye nemveliso yonke, yahlula uxinzelelo lwe-annular lube ngamanqanaba acwangcisiweyo. Njengesiseko esizinzileyo sazo zonke iilawuli eziguqukayo, intloko yesikhongozeli yiprojekthi yesiseko yokuthwala ukhuseleko lwentloko yesikhongozeli, ukwahlula uxinzelelo lokwakheka, kunye nokufezekisa ukuthembeka kwentloko yesikhongozeli kuyo yonke ijikelezo yobomi. Ukuqinisa esi siseko kugxininisa isiqinisekiso esisisiseko somjikelo wokhuseleko womjikelo wobomi wonke.

Unxibelelwano: Jessie Zhou
Ifowuni/I-Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861
Email: energy@landrilltools.com