Umthi weKrisimesi (Umthi weKrisimesi weWellhead)

Ulwazi oluSisiseko ngeMithi yeKrisimesi ePhakamileyo (Imithi eyomileyo)

Kwishishini leoyile negesi yendalo, "uMthi weKrisimesi" ubhekisa kuthotho lweevalvu kunye neendibano zespool ezifakwe phezu kwequla leoyile. Kwimithombo yomhlaba, ifakwe phezu kwequla lokugqibela; kwimithombo engaphantsi kolwandle, ifakwe phezu kwendibano yentloko yomthombo enexinzelelo eliphezulu. Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa umzobo wesicwangciso "soMthi weKrisimesi" kunye nendibano yentloko yomthombo. Icandelo loMthi weKrisimesi likwindawo ephezulu (ngaphakathi kwebhokisi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), ngelixa icandelo lentloko yomthombo liyinxalenye esezantsi (ngaphakathi kwebhokisi ebomvu). Abantu abaninzi bayabhidanisa iingcamango "zoMthi weKrisimesi" kunye "nentloko yomthombo," behlala bekholelwa ukuba ziyinto enye.

Imisebenzi yayo yile ilandelayo:

1. Ukuthutha ngokukhuselekileyo ulwelo oluvela emthonjeni ukuya kumphezulu ngendlela elawulwayo.
2. Ukubonelela ngokufikelela ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo yokungena kwamanzi ukuze kwenziwe iinkqubo zokungenelela emanzini.
3. Ukuvumela ukuba kusetyenziswe amanzi okanye igesi.
4. Ukubonelela ngoqhagamshelo lwemigca ye-hydraulic yokulawula iivalvu zokhuseleko ezingaphantsi komngxuma (i-SCSSSV).
5. Ukubonelela ngeendawo zombane zokufaka izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zeePumps eziNgcwaba ngoMbane (ESP).

Eli candelo lizisa umphezulu othi “uMthi weKrisimesi” (umthi owomileyo), obhekisa kuwo nawuphi na umthi ophezu komda wamanzi. Umthi weKrisimesi uqulathe uthotho lweevalvu, kunye nezinto zawo ezichazwe ngezantsi.

Ivalvu Eyintloko

Ivalvu ephambili ibekwe ngaphezulu kwe-tubing hanger kwaye isebenza ukuvumela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo komngxuma okanye ukuvala umngxuma. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho iivalvu ezimbini eziphambili: enye ibizwa ngokuba yiLower Master Valve, kwaye enye yiUpper Master Valve. Iivalvu ezimbini zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokungafunekiyo; ukuba enye iyasilela, enye ingathatha umsebenzi wayo. Imifanekiso 2 kunye no-3 ibonisa imizobo elula yevalvu enkulu enye kunye neevalvu ezimbini eziphambili, ngokulandelelana.

I-Tie (i-T-Block)

I-Tee (T-block) ivumela ukuhamba kolwelo ukuba luphambuke ukusuka kumbhobho othe nkqo ukuya kumbhobho othe tye.

Umfanekiso 4- Ukufakelwa kohlobo lwe-T

Ivalvu Yephiko (Iphiko Lokuhamba)

Ivalvu yephiko ikwicala lendibano "yoMthi weKrisimesi" kwaye ilawula okanye yahlukanise ukuhamba kwemveliso yomthombo ukuya kwiindawo eziphezulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo "loMthi weKrisimesi," inokuba neevalvu zephiko elinye okanye amabini. Abanye abaqhubi bafuna iivalvu zephiko ezimbini zemveliso—enye njengevalvu yokuvelisa eyintloko kwaye enye njengenkxaso (jonga uMfanekiso 5). Kwiimeko ezininzi, ivalvu yephiko elinye isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa, kwaye enye isebenza njengevalvu yephiko lokubulala (jonga uMfanekiso 6).

Ukuminxa

“I-choke” yeyona nto incinci ithintelayo kuMthi weKrismesi, esebenza ukulawula izinga lokuveliswa kwemithombo yeoyile. Kwezinye iimeko, ikwasetyenziselwa ukulawula imveliso yesanti. “I-choke” ithintela indawo yokuhamba kweoyile ngokufaka isilinda encinci okanye i-orifice emzimbeni we-choke. Okukhona ububanzi besilinda buncinci, kokukhona izinga lokuveliswa liphantsi. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-choke: 1) I-Positive Choke (ii-cylinders ezitshintshanayo) kunye ne-2) I-Adjustable Choke (kulula ukuyilungisa ubungakanani be-choke).

Ivalvu yeSwab

Ivalvu yeswab ikwindawo ephezulu kakhulu kwindibano yoMthi weKrismesi, enika indlela ethe nkqo engena equleni ukuze kusetyenziswe intambo, i-slickline, ityhubhu ejijekileyo, okanye imisebenzi yokumpompa induku.

I-Tee Cap kunye ne-Pressure Gauges

I-T-Cap yiflange ebekwe phezulu kwevalvu yeswab, evumela uqhagamshelo lwee-lubricators zentambo okanye iyunithi yetyhubhu/iswabbing ejijekileyo. Ii-Blowout Preventers (BOP) equleni ukuze zenze imisebenzi yokungenelela equleni. Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo zisetyenziselwa ukujonga uxinzelelo equleni. Kule mihla, uninzi lwabasebenzi ludla ngokusebenzisa iigeyiji zoxinzelelo ze-elektroniki ukuhambisa idatha yoxinzelelo kunye/okanye ubushushu ngeenkqubo ze-elektroniki ukuze kujongwe ngcono equleni.

Unxibelelwano: Jessie Zhou

Ifowuni/I-Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861

Email: energy@landrilltools.com