Ubuchwepheshe bokuloba ngemibhobho yokonakala

Iteknoloji yokulawula iprofayili yequla lokujova ibhekisa kubuchwepheshe bokulawula ukufunxwa kwamanzi kumaleko aphezulu okufunxwa kwamanzi ngendlela yoomatshini okanye yeekhemikhali, ukwandisa ukufunxwa kwamanzi kumaleko aphantsi okufunxwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo, okwenza ukujova kwamanzi kuqhubeke ngokulinganayo kwaye kuphucule i-sweep coefficient yomaleko weoyile.

Kukho iindlela zoomatshini kunye neendlela zeekhemikhali zokulawula iprofayili ye-injection Wells. Indlela yokulawula iprofayili yoomatshini ikakhulu kukulungisa ubungakanani bokufakwa kwamanzi kumaleko ngamnye ngokusebenzisa i-stratified water injection, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokulungisa iprofayili yokufunxa.

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ii-oyile kunye negesi, iityhubhu ezingaphantsi komhlaba ziyabola kwaye zigutyungelwe zizinto ezirhabaxa ezifana ne-hydrogen sulfide, i-carbon dioxide kunye nokwakheka kwamanzi entsimi yegesi ixesha elide, okubangela ukuba udonga lwetyhubhu lunciphe, lubhoboke kwaye luqhekeke.

1. 1.UkugqwalaIimpawu zeMibhobho

(1) I-coefficient yoxinzelelo lokwakheka iphantsi, uninzi lwayo luphakathi kwe-0.5 kunye ne-0.7, kwaye ezinye ziphantsi, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukumisela ukujikeleza kwegazi, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima obukhulu ekugayweni, ekugayweni nasekubholeni.

(2) Ubungakanani bokugqwala kweetyhubhu bunzulu, ngokubanzi bufikelela kwi-30% ukuya kwi-60% (ubunzima beqhekeza), kwaye udonga lombhobho lugqwalile ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

(3) Amandla ekholamu yombhobho aphantsi, uxinzelelo kulula "ukuncipha", kwaye umphezulu wentlanzi uhlala utshintsha, ngoko ke ukuprintwa kwelothe akuncedi;

(4) Kunzima ukwenza izikhonkwane ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

2. Umgaqo wokuloba ngemibhobho yokonakala

Ukongeza kwimigaqo yokuloba eqhelekileyo, ukuloba ngeetyhubhu zokubola kufuneka kulandele le migaqo ilandelayo:

（1）Iimeko zangaphantsi komhlaba zicacile, izixhobo zokuloba zikhethwa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ukuthembeka kwentloko yentlanzi kunye nentlanzi engaphantsi komhlaba kugcinwa kangangoko kunokwenzeka;

（2）Ukhuseleko lolawulo lwemithombo kufuneka luqinisekiswe ngexesha lokuloba.

(3) Imisebenzi yokuloba ayinakwenza nzima imeko engaphantsi komhlaba, nawaphi na amanyathelo kufuneka abe nendlela yokuphuma, ayinakuloba ngokungathandabuzekiyo;

(4) Ayinakuchaphazela amandla okuqala emveliso;

(5) Ayikwazi ukusetyenziswa lula kwesixhobo sokusila, kodwa ayinakukwazi ukusetyenziswa lula kwesixhobo sokusila izihlangu, ukuze kuthintelwe ubunzima obungakumbi;

(6) Ukuthintela umonakalo kwikhava.

3. Amanyathelo okuloba ngemibhobho yokubola

(1) Ukugqwala kweetyhubhu ngokuqinisekileyo kuzisa ukugqwala kweetyhubhu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa nokugweba umgangatho weetyhubhu ezifakwe kakuhle, kunye nokuzama ukunqanda umonakalo weetyhubhu kunye neetyhubhu.

(2) Musa ukuyingxama, cwangcisa kwaye uyihlele ngokweenkcukacha. Iityhubhu ezibolileyo ngokucacileyo zahlukile kwiityhubhu eziqhelekileyo kunye nokuloba ngemibhobho yokubhola. Iityhubhu azinakusindiswa ngendlela efanayo nokuloba ngemibhobho yokubhola. Ukuba kusetyenziswa ukuloba ngokunyanzelwa kakhulu, iityhubhu zinokubanjwa ngaphandle kwekheyiji. Ke ngoko, xa ukukhetha izixhobo kungafanelekanga, kunokubangela ubunzima obungaphezulu komhlaba, okuzisa ubunzima obungenakubalwa ekusindisweni kamva. Ukukhetha izixhobo zokuqala kungcono ukungacingi ngezixhobo ezineempawu zokubhola, ukugaya kunye nokugaya, kuba ziyahlasela kwaye zinokutshabalalisa intlanzi kunye nekheyiji, nto leyo ebangela ubunzima obukhulu.

(3) Izixhobo mazithembeke kwaye zichaneke. Inkqubo yeebhuleki zomatshini osebenzayo inovelwano kwaye ithembekile, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweringi yokuphakamisa kunye ne-elevator kuboshwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye umgangatho womngxuma wentambo ujongiwe. I-crane, i-turntable kunye ne-wellhead kufuneka ziphathwe ngokufanelekileyo. Umbhobho weKelly kufuneka ulungiswe, emva kokusetyenziswa awunakuthambekiswa kumphetho womgangatho wokubhola; Isalathisi sobunzima sinovelwano, sithembekile kwaye sichanekile. Izixhobo mazihlolwe ngononophelo kwaye zilebhelishwe (kungcono ngemifanekiso) ngaphandle kweengxaki zomgangatho. Linganisa ngononophelo, ubale "isikwere esithathu" (intlanzi ephezu kwesikwere, icala lokusindisa, icala lokusindisa eliphezulu), kwaye uphawule

(4)Fumanisa iimeko zangaphakathi neze-annular zetyhubhu. Umgaqo wokubaluleka kokuloba kufuneka uqale ngaphandle kombhobho weoyile, ujonge i-annulus yangaphandle yombhobho weoyile, kwaye ngokubanzi ungasebenzisi ukuloba kwangaphakathi (kumbhobho weoyile obolileyo). Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunokulungiswa ukuze kube yi-back-off slip cylinder yokuloba, i-movable window fishing cylinder, i-sliding block window fishing cylinder kunye nezinye izixhobo ezingayonakalisiyo intlanzi, uxinzelelo oluncinci kunye nokujika kancinci xa uloba, ubunzima be-bit akufuneki bube phezulu kakhulu.

(5) Ukongeza kwizizathu zokhuseleko, ikakhulu luhlalutyo lolawulo lobuchwephesha, kwaye izinto ezihlayo neziphumayo kufuneka zihlalutywe ngononophelo, zibekwe kumqolo, zidityaniswe kwaye zilungiswe, ukuze kuhlalutywe iimeko ezinokubakho zomgodi.

(6) Ukuba uxinzelelo lokubhoboza lwentloko yentlanzi kufuneka lube phantsi (ngaphakathi kwe-1t), indawo engaphantsi kwe-footage akufuneki ibe nkulu kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-10cm), kwaye emva koko imicu yentsimbi kufuneka idotywe ngexesha kwaye imo yentloko yentlanzi kufuneka ihlolwe.

4. Izixhobo zokuloba ngemibhobho yokonakala

1、Iikhola zeDie

Uluhlu olukhulu lwentambo yokuloba iikhowuni zabasetyhini lunokubekwa kwi-1:8, ephindwe kabini kunentambo yokuloba iikhowuni zabasetyhini, kwaye ubude bentambo yokuloba buyandiswa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye uluhlu lokuloba lukhulu kakhulu kunoluhlu lokuloba lweekhowuni zabasetyhini eziqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, ubude bentambo yokuloba yekhowuni yabasetyhini i-MZ60×125 kwi-casing ye-177.8mm yi-520mm, i-taper yi-1:8, ububanzi obukhulu yi-125mm, kwaye ububanzi bokuloba yi-60~125mm; Emva kokuqhekeka kwe-corrosion yetyhubhu ye-73mm, ukwaphuka kwetyhubhu kuyacinezelwa kwaye kuguqulwe, kwaye ububanzi bayo obude be-axis buhlala buyi-90~105mm, kwaye ubukhulu ngokubanzi abudluli kwi-115mm. Xa uloba, jikelezisa ezantsi, khokela isihlangu kwintlanzi ewelayo, intlanzi ewelayo ibe kuluhlu olukhulu lweekhowuni zabasetyhini, uze uqhubeke ujikeleza ezantsi ukuze ugqibezele umphezulu we-dressing kunye ne-holding yentlanzi.

Uluhlu olukhulu lweeDie Collars lusetyenziselwa ukuloba iityhubhu ezibolileyo ezinokuguqulwa okukhulu kwentloko yentlanzi kodwa ngamandla athile, kwaye zinokusindisa iziqwenga eziphukileyo kunye nenkunkuma yeetyhubhu ukuze kucocwe umphezulu wentlanzi, kwaye zinokusindisa netyhubhu epheleleyo, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo umphezulu wentlanzi.

2. Ukuloba ngeBlock Spears

I-Block Spears yenziwe ngomzimba webhareli, isilayidi kunye nesihlangu esikhokelayo. Isiphelo esiphezulu sesilinda ngumsonto wangaphakathi, onokudityaniswa nesilinda ende. Ingaphakathi lingumngxuma okhonkxiweyo one "nxalenye encinci ephezulu" kwaye iichute ezintathu zivulwa ngokulinganayo kwindawo ephakathi. Ibhloko yesilayidi ifakwe kwichute, ubuso bokugqibela bebhulokhi yesilayidi bucutshungulwa ngamazinyo e-radial, kwaye ubuso bokugqibela bangaphakathi bunomqolo wamazinyo angaphakathi anqamlezileyo. Ngexesha lokuloba, isihlangu siholwa singene kwintlanzi kwaye isilinda yokuloba iyathotywa, ingaphezulu lentlanzi lityhalelwa phezulu ecaleni kwechute, iphezulu lentlanzi lidlula kwibhulokhi yesilayidi, isilinda yokuloba iyaphakanyiswa, kwaye ibhloko yesilayidi ihamba ngokuhambelana nechute ukuze ibambe intlanzi kwaye iphumelele ukuloba.

Inxalenye yokuloba yeBloko ingaba ngumzimba wombhobho weoyile okanye umbhobho weoyile. Xa uloba, umbhobho wokuqala ongaphantsi komphezulu wentlanzi ungadlula kwisilayida ukuze ulobe ngokuphakamisa umbhobho; Oku kunokwenza umbhobho uphephe inxalenye enzulu yokuguqulwa kombhobho weoyile kwaye ubambe inxalenye epheleleyo ngakumbi.

I-Block Spears ayinakukwazi nje kuphela ukuloba iityhubhu, kodwa ikwanakho nokuqonda i-reverse buckle xa ityhubhu ibambekile. I-reverse torque idluliselwa ngamazinyo e-radial phezulu kwe-slider okanye ngamazinyo angaphakathi e-slider, i-slider kunye ne-chute. I-sliding block dredge ifanelekile ekulobeni iityhubhu apho ukuguquka komhlwa kungengombandela omkhulu, kwaye izinga layo lempumelelo yokuloba liphezulu.

3.I-Overshot eneSlot

I-overshot ene-slot yenziwe nge-8 ukuya kwi-10m scrap milling barrel okanye i-casing, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1-1. Isiphelo esisezantsi sedrama yokuloba senziwe ngohlobo lwepen tip kunye nesihlangu se-duck-bill, kwaye umzimba wesilinda uvulwe ngokulinganayo ngemigca enye okanye emibini, enobuthambile obuhle, kulula ukuyivula ukuze kube lula ukungeniswa kweentlanzi eziwela phantsi, kwaye kulula ukubuyisela indawo yokuqala yeentlanzi eziwela phantsi ezibambayo. I-hook yenziwe ngefestile evulekileyo kwisilinda, enxantathu okanye etrapezoidal, ethe tyaba, enamandla athile kunye nobuthambileyo.

Umfanekiso we-Fig1 Overshot oneSlot Diagram

Emva kokuba intlanzi ivezwe kwintlanzi ewayo, umlomo wedada okanye isihlangu sepeni esikhokelayo siya kuvula ngokwendalo size siye kufutshane nodonga lwekhava. Intlanzi ewayo iya kungena kwindawo yokuloba yebhareli yokuloba ngesihlangu sesikhokelo, icinezele ukuthamba kwehoki yokuloba, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ivule indawo ephukileyo, iqhubeke nokwehlisa umtya wepayipi phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye intlanzi ewayo iya kungena ngakumbi kwinxalenye ephezulu yebhareli yokuloba, iphakamise umtya wokuloba, kwaye ihoki yokuloba iya kunamathela kwimingxuma okanye ingene emngxunyeni onomhlwa. Okanye uxhase kwinqanaba lekhola kunye nejoyinti ukuze kufezekiswe ukuloba ngemibhobho yokubola.

I-overshot ene-slot ingasindisa umbhobho weoyile ophukileyo kunye nombhobho weoyile ohamba ecaleni, kwaye ingasindisa nombhobho weoyile ophukileyo, inkunkuma kunye nezinye inkunkuma, icoce umphezulu wentlanzi, kwaye idale iimeko zokusindisa okulandelayo.

4. Isixhobo sokusila kunye nokuloba esidityanisiweyo

Isixhobo esidibeneyo singagqibezela ukusebenza okudibeneyo kokusila nokuloba. Izihlangu zokusila zidityaniswe nedrum yokusila iifestile, idrum yokusila ngocingo lwentsimbi, idrum yokusila iibhloko ezityibilikayo, ikhowuni yabasetyhini kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuloba, ezinokugqibezela imisebenzi yokusila, ukulungisa iintlanzi kunye nokuloba. Ukuze kukhuselwe umphezulu wentlanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, izihlangu zokusila zisebenzisa izihlangu zokusila ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obungaphakathi.

Ikhowuni enkulu ye-range casing sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokugqwala i-tubing casing. Yenziwe yi-casing mill enkulu yangaphakathi kunye nekhowuni enkulu ye-range casing. Izihlangu ezinkulu zangaphakathi ze-darkness zinobubanzi obukhulu bangaphakathi, kulula ukuzisa umphezulu wentlanzi, kwaye ubungakanani bentlanzi egayiweyo buncinci; Uluhlu olukhulu lwentambo yokuloba ye-cone yabasetyhini i-taper, ububanzi bentambo yokuloba enkulu bukhulu, kwaye emva koko buncinci ngokukhawuleza, umphezulu wentlanzi ungene kwi-cone yabasetyhini emva nje kokudibana nenxalenye yokuloba. Ke ngoko, uluhlu olukhulu lweekhowuni zamabhinqa ezigayiweyo lunokukhusela umphezulu wentlanzi kakhulu, kwaye lunokugqiba umsebenzi wokuloba.