Iteknoloji yokubhola eqondisayo ； Umbhobho wokubhola ； Ukusikwa kwemigodi

Itekhnoloji yokubhola eqondisayo yindlela ephucukileyo yokubhola esebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba kunye neendlela zokulawula ukulinganisa ukwandisa indlela yokubhola ecaleni kwendlela eyilwe kwangaphambili (engathanga nkqo) ukuya kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Umongo wokubhola oqondisayo ukwindlela yokulawula ngokukhutheleyo indlela yokubhola. Ingqiqo yayo ephambili ibandakanya ukukhokela i-drill bit ukuya kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ngenkqubo evaliweyo 'yokulinganisa - uvavanyo - uhlengahlengiso'. Le ndlela yoyisa imida yokubhola ethe nkqo yendabuko, enokuqhubeka kuphela ngomgca weplumb, ivumela 'indawo echanekileyo kunye nokukhutshelwa' kwezixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Imi njengenye yetekhnoloji eziphambili kwiinkalo ezifana nokuhlola nokuphuhlisa ioyile negesi, ubunjineli bejoloji, kunye nokukhutshelwa kwezimbiwa.

Itekhnoloji yokugrumba ekhokelayo imele njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwamandla lwanamhlanje kunye nobunjineli bejoloji. Ukuqhubela phambili kwayo kumisela ngokuthe ngqo amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Ukuya phambili, iya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ezinzulu, ukuphuculwa okukrelekrele, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

Imibhobho yokubholazisebenza njengezinto eziphambili zetyhubhu kwimisebenzi yokugrumba (kubandakanya ukugrumba kwicala, ukugrumba umthombo othe nkqo, njl.njl.), amandla okudlulisa, ukuhambisa ulwelo lokugrumba, kunye nezixhobo zokudibanisa umngxuma ongaphantsi. Njengezinto eziphambili zentambo yokugrumba (equka imibhobho yokugrumba, iikhola zokugrumba, iibhithi zokugrumba, njl.njl.), zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokugrumba, umgangatho we-wellbore, kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.

Umsebenzi ophambili weepayipi zokubhola kukusebenza njengekhonkco phakathi kwamacandelo aphezulu nasezantsi. Ziqhagamshela phezulu kwirig yokubhola engaphezulu, zifumana i-torque kunye noxinzelelo lokubhola oluvela kwirig; ziye ezantsi ukuze ziqhagamshelane nezixhobo ze-downhole ezifana neekhola zokubhola kunye neebhithi, zidlulisela amandla kwi-bit ukuze kungene ilitye. Kwangaxeshanye, isakhiwo sazo esingenanto sihambisa ulwelo lokubhola (udaka) ukuze lupholise i-bit, luthambise intambo yokubhola, kwaye luthuthe iziqwenga ukusuka kwi-wellbore ziye kumphezulu.

Imibhobho yokubhola inamacandelo amabini: umzimba kunye nejoyinti. Ezi zidityaniswe ngokudityaniswa kwe-friction welding, nto leyo ebangela amandla aphezulu kunye neempawu zokuvala ezingcono ukuthintela ukuvuza kolwelo lokubhola okanye uxinzelelo olungalawulekiyo lwe-downhole.

Iziqwenga zokubhola zenza umxube wee-slild particles eziveliswa xa i-drill bit iqhekeza ilitye elingaphantsi komhlaba ngexesha lenkqubo yokubhola. Zimela imveliso ethe ngqo yemisebenzi yokubhola kwaye zisebenza njengeyona nto iphambili ekuvavanyweni kwejoloji, ulawulo lokhuseleko lwe-wellbore, kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo. Ngokwenyani, iziqwenga zokubhola 'ziinkunkuma zamatye aqhekekileyo' ezenziwe ngaxeshanye nenkqubo yokubhola. Azigcini nje ngokuba ziphethe ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga ne-subsurface strata, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kwazo kunye nemeko yazo kuchaphazela ngqo ukhuseleko kunye noqoqosho lwemisebenzi yokubhola.

Izinto eziphambili eziyinxalenye yayo ziquka amatye okwakheka (afana nesanti, ilitye lodaka, ilimestone, igranite, njl.njl.), anokuxutywa nezixa ezincinci zezithako zolwelo lokubhola (umz., udongwe, iipolymers) kunye nenkunkuma yesinyithi (umz., amasuntswana okubola agugileyo, iimveliso zokubola ngemibhobho). Ukugrumba okusikiweyo akusiyo 'inkunkuma' nje kodwa kusebenza 'njengezinto ezithwala ulwazi' ezibalulekileyo kunye 'neempawu zemeko yokusebenza' kwimisebenzi yokugrumba.

Ukuba iziqwenga azibuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwindawo enomngxuma ziye kumphezulu, zinokuqokelelana ngaphakathi komngxuma, nto leyo enokubangela iziganeko zokhuseleko olukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, 'ukuthuthwa nokususwa kwazo' ngomnye wemisebenzi ephambili yolwelo lokugrumba. Iimpawu zeziqwenga—ezifana nobukhulu bamasuntswana kunye nobukhulu bokuqhekeka—zinokubonelela ngengqiqo eguqulweyo malunga nengqiqo yeeparamitha zokugrumba, ngaloo ndlela zinceda ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kakuhle. Xa ziziswa kumphezulu kunye nolwelo lokugrumba, iziqwenga zihamba ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili: ukwahlulahlula, uhlalutyo, kunye nokulahla, okwenza umjikelo opheleleyo wokucubungula.

Unxibelelwano: Jessie Zhou

Ifowuni/I-Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861

Email: energy@landrilltools.com