Iindaba

Izixhobo zeWellhead

I. I-elevator

IsiceloIlifti isetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa nokwehlisaizixhobo zokubholangexesha lemisebenzi yokukhubeka (umz., ukukhubeka ngeelifti ezimbini), beka izixhobo zokubhola etafileni ejikelezayo, kwaye ubeke izinto zokuhombisa ngexesha lokubhola.

Udidi Kukho uhlobo oluvuleka ecaleni olune-double-safe, uhlobo oluqhekekileyo olune-double-safe, kunye nohlobo lokutshixa. I-CSD cluster elevator isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokugrumba eTshayina. Iquka umzimba oyintloko, i-hinge, i-cotter pin, isiphatho se-lock pin, isikrufu sokubopha ibhalansi, kunye nee-lock pin eziphezulu nezisezantsi.

Amanyathelo okulumkela ukusetyenziswa

(1) Inkcazelo yelifti mayihambelane nobukhulu besixhobo sokubhola; inyathelo lomthwalo kufuneka libe tyaba ngaphandle kokuguquka okanye ukuguguleka okukhulu; iphini yehinge kunye nephini yokhuseleko kufuneka zithanjiswe; i-valve buckle mayibe bhetyebhetye, ikhuseleke kwaye ithembeke;

(2) Izikhonkwane zokhuseleko kunye neebhulorho ezincinci mazisetyenziswe ngexesha lokukhubeka okanye ukubaleka kwekhava; impembelelo enamandla ayivumelekanga xa kuhlaliswa ilifti, kwaye imisebenzi yokutshixa ayivumelekanga ngokungqongqo;

(3) Ukusetyenziswa komthwalo omninzi akuvumelekanga, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukubopha iintambo kwilifti ukuze kuphakanyiswe izinto ezinzima;

(4) Xa ubeka ilifti etafileni ejikelezayo, phepha iphini yokutshixa ye-kelly bushing kwaye uyilungelelanise ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla afanayo kuzo zombini iziphelo.

II. IsiTong

UkusetyenziswaI-tong yahlulwe yaba yi-tong yangaphandle kunye ne-inner tong, ezisebenzisanayo. Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza nokuqhekeza imisonto yezixhobo zokubhola kunye nokuqinisa amakhonkco ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-tripping kunye ne-casing.

Uhlobo Luhlelwe ngokobungakanani besixhobo sokugrumba esisetyenziswayo: Uhlobo B tong kunye ne-casing tong; Luhlelwe ngokwendlela yokusebenza: i-manual tong kunye ne-hydraulic tong. Okwangoku, i-Type B tong kunye ne-hydraulic tong zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo zasekhaya. Uluhlu lobukhulu obusebenzayo be-Type B tong yi-φ88.9 ~ φ298.4mm, kwaye imibhobho yobukhulu obahlukeneyo inokwenziwa okanye iphulwe ngokutshintsha umhlathi.

Amanyathelo okulumkela ukusetyenziswa

(1) Khetha umhlathi ofanelekileyo weNombolo 5 ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani obunomtsalane buhambelana nobukhulu besixhobo sokubhola;

(2) I-tong mayifakwe kwi-drill pipe joint, imihlathi ephezulu nesezantsi ibe yi-30 ~ 50mm ukusuka kumphezulu wokutywina kwejoyinti ngokulandelelana, kwaye i-engile ebandakanyiweyo phakathi kwe-tongs yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ibe phakathi kwe-45°~90°. Xa iqiniswa, i-tong yangaphandle iba phezulu kwaye i-tong yangaphakathi ingaphantsi; xa iphuma, i-tong yangaphandle ingaphantsi kwaye i-tong yangaphakathi iphezulu;

(3) Musa ukulungelelanisa umhlathi xa uwutshintsha ngentloko yomthombo, kwaye uthintele iminwe ukuba ingatyumzwa okanye abasebenzi bangonzakaliswa ngumhlathi;

(4) Xa usebenzisa i-tong, musa ukubeka iminwe phakathi kwe-tong ende yeNombolo 3 kunye ne-tong emfutshane yeNombolo 4 ukuze ungatyumki.

III. Izilayiphu

Isicelo

(1) Isetyenziselwa ukuhlalisa ikhola yokugrumba okanye umbhobho wokugrumba entlokweni yomthombo ngexesha lokukhubeka kwimingxuma enganzulu okanye xa izixhobo zokugrumba ezingaphantsi komhlaba zilula kakhulu;

(2) Xa kunamathela ngexesha lokuxukuxa, cinezela isixhobo sokugrumba uze usibeke etafileni ejikelezayo ukuze udlulise i-torque.

UhloboIhlelwe ngokwemisebenzi: iziliphu zepayipi yokubhola, iziliphu zekhola yokubhola kunye neziliphu zekhava;Ihlelwe ngokwesakhiwo: iziliphu ezineziqwenga ezintathu, iziliphu ezineziqwenga ezine, iziliphu ezinde, iziliphu ezimfutshane, njl.njl.;Ihlelwe ngokwendlela yokusebenza: iziliphu zamandla kunye neziliphu ezenziwe ngesandla.

Amanyathelo okulumkela ukusetyenziswa

(1) Khetha ubungakanani bokutyibilika obufanelekileyo ngokwezixhobo zokubhoboza umngxuma ongaphantsi;

(2) Jonga ukuba amazinyo atyibilikayo abukhali kangakanani (awayi kukhululeka okanye afakwe ngasemva), ukucoceka, ukugqibelela kunye nokuqina kwezikrufu kunye neepini zekotta, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iphini yokudibanisa inokujikeleza ngokulula;

(3) Emva kokuba ubunzulu bomthombo bufikelele kwiimitha ezili-1000, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iilifti ezimbini xa kukhubeka; akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa iziliphu ezineelifti xa kukhubeka;

(4) Xa ukhubekaikhola yokubhola, iziliphu mazisetyenziswe kunye neziliphu zokhuseleko. Isiliphu masibe kude ngama-50cm ukusuka ekupheleni kwebhokisi, kwaye isiliphu sokhuseleko masibe kude ngama-5cm ukusuka kwisiliphu;

(5) Abaqhubi bee-Wellhead kufuneka beme ngaphandle koluhlu lokujikeleza kwee-slips ukuthintela ukwenzakala kwii-slips ezijikelezayo.

IV. Iziliphu zoKhuseleko

UsetyenzisoIziliphu zokhuseleko zisetyenziswa neziliphu ngexesha lokukhubeka kweekhola zokubhola, iibhareli eziphambili kunye nemibhobho emikhulu ukuthintela izixhobo zokubhola ukuba zingatyibiliki ziye equleni.

UlwakhiwoIqulathe amacandelo amaninzi okutyibilika adityaniswe ngokupheleleyo ngeepini ezifakwe kwimingxunya yepini. Zombini iziphelo ziqhagamshelwe kwisikrufu se-lead ngeepini zetyathanga ukwenza ukutyibilika okulungisekayo. Ngokutshintsha inani lamacandelo okutyibilika, inokuqhelana neekhola zokubhola kunye neetyhubhu zobukhulu obahlukeneyo.

V. Roller Kelly Bushing

UsetyenzisoUkongeza ekudluliseni i-torque yetafile ejikelezayo, i-roller kelly bushing inezibonelelo ezilandelayo:

(1) Ivumela ukuphakamisa okanye ukwehlisa izixhobo zokubhola ngelixa zijikeleza, nto leyo eluncedo ekubuyiseleni nasekubuyiseleni emva;

(2) Njengesakhiwo esidibeneyo, asiyi kuphuma sibangele ukwenzakala kubasebenzi;

(3) Ingafakwa lula kwi-master bushing;

(4) I-kelly iqhagamshelana neerola, nto leyo ebangela ukungqubana okuphantsi kakhulu kunye nobunzima obuchanekileyo kwi-bit (WOB);

(5) Ii-kelly kunye nee-rollers ziguquguquka, nto leyo enciphisa ukuguguleka kuzo zombini iindawo kwaye yandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo.

Izixhobo zokubhola

Izixhobo zokubhola zineenkqubo ezisibhozo eziphambili: inkqubo yokuphakamisa, inkqubo yokujikeleza, inkqubo yokujikeleza, inkqubo yokudlulisa, inkqubo yokuqhuba, inkqubo yolawulo, isakhiwo esingaphantsi kwesixhobo, kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo.

Inkqubo yokuQhoboshela iiRig

Ukuze kulawulwe imisebenzi yokukhubeka, ukubanjwa kwekhabhathi, ulawulo lobunzima kwibhithi (WOB), kunye nokondla iibhithi, isixhobo sixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuphakamisa, eziquka ikakhulu iidrafti, iibhuleki ezincedisayo, inkqubo yokuhamba (kubandakanya ibhloko yesithsaba, ibhloko yokuhamba, ihoki, kunye nentambo), kunye ne-derrick.

UDerrick

(IsiNgesi)1）I-derrick yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphakamisa oomatshini yerig. Sisakhiwo sesinyithi esinokuphakama nendawo ethile, kwaye sinozinzo oluhle ngokubanzi. Sisebenza njengesiseko sokuxhoma inkqubo yokuhamba, ikakhulu equka umzimba oyintloko, ifreyimu ye-A, iqonga lebhloko yesithsaba, ibhodi yenkawu, ileli yokusebenza, iqonga lemibhobho emileyo, umgangatho wokubhola, kunye nesiseko.

(IsiNgesi)2）Inkqubo Yokuhamba Kwizixhobo zokuphakamisa izixhobo, ukudibanisa ibhloko yesithsaba, ibhloko yokuhamba, kunye nehoko ngentambo yentsimbi kwenza inkqubo ye-pulley edibeneyo, eyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuhamba ye-rig.

(IsiNgesi)3）Iidrawworks zokuHoistingIidrawworks zezona zixhobo ziphambili zenkqubo yokuhoisting, icandelo eliphambili lerig, kwaye yenye yezona matshini ziphambili ezisebenzayo zerig.

Imisebenzi yeDrawworks

(1) Ukubonelela ngesantya esahlukeneyo sokuphakamisa kunye namandla okuphakamisa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kokukhubeka kunye nokusebenza kwekhava;

(2) Misa izixhobo zokugrumba ezingashukumiyo, yongeza umtya wokugrumba kunye ne-bit ngexesha lokugrumba, kwaye ulawule i-WOB;

(3) Sebenzisa indlela ye-cathead ukwenza/ukuqhekeza imisonto yezixhobo zokubhola kunye nemibhobho yokuphakamisa kunye nezinto ezinzima;

(4) Isebenza njengendlela yokutshintsha isantya kunye nendlela yokudlulisela ephakathi kwitafile ejikelezayo;

(5) Phakamisa uze wehlise i-derrick xa kusetyenziswa i-integral lifting derrick;

(6) Yenza imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa iibhareli eziphambili kunye nokuvavanya imithombo xa uxhotyiswe ngedrama yokubopha isanti;

(7) Faka izixhobo zokubhola umgangatho uze ugqibezele eminye imisebenzi yokuncedisa.

Ulwakhiwo lweZakhiwo zeMigca yokuDrilaImigca yokuDrila ngumatshini wokuphakamisa onzima, odla ngokuba nezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

(1) Inkqubo yenkxaso: Inkxaso yohlobo lwesakhelo esidibeneyo okanye isakhelo sesiseko sohlobo lwebhokisi evaliweyo;

(2) Inkqubo yokudlulisa: Yenziwe ngeeshafti ezintathu (ishafti yokudlulisa, ishafti ye-cathead, kunye neshafti yedrum);

(3) Inkqubo yokulawula: Ibandakanya umhlathi, uhlobo lwamazinyo, kunye nee-clutches zomoya, i-driller's console, kunye neevalvu zokulawula;

(4) Inkqubo yokuqhobosha: Inkqubo yokuqhobosha (kubandakanya i-brake lever, i-brake band, i-main brake, kunye ne-assistant brake);

(5) Inkqubo yokuphakamisa: Ibandakanya idrama ephambili, idrama encedisayo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokubopha iintambo, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusonga iintambo;

(6) Inkqubo yokuthambisa nokupholisa: Iindlela zokuthambisa ziquka igrisi, ukuthambisa ngedriphu, ukuthambisa ngesplash, okanye ukuthambisa ngenkani.

VI. Isixokelelwano seHydraulic

Ulwakhiwo OluphambiliI-hydraulic tong yohlobo lwe-Q10Y-M yenziwe ikakhulu yi-stroke gearbox, isixhobo sokunciphisa, intloko ye-tong, inkqubo yolawulo lwe-pneumatic kunye nenkqubo ye-hydraulic.

Ukusebenza koBugcisa obuPhambili

(1) Inkqubo yeHydraulic: Ukuhamba okulinganiselweyo: iilitha ezili-114 ngomzuzu; Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza: 16.3 MPa; Amandla enjini (yokuqhuba ngombane): 40 kW;

(2) Inkqubo yomoya: Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo: 0.5 ~ 1.0 MPa.

Amanyathelo okusebenza

(1) Ubungakanani bepleyiti yomhlathi wentloko yetong kufuneka bulingane nobukhulu bejoyinti yombhobho wokubhola;

(2) Xa uhambisa i-tong entloko yomthombo, akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuvala ngokupheleleyo i-air valve ngaxeshanye, ukuthintela i-tong ukuba ingahambi ngokukhawuleza iye entloko yomthombo kwaye ibangele impembelelo;

(3) Musa ukuphakamisa izixhobo zokubhola ngaphambi kokuba umsonto wephini ukhululwe ngokupheleleyo kumsonto webhokisi kwaye itong ikhululwe kwizixhobo zokubhola;

(4) Xa i-tong ingasebenzi, buyisela zonke ii-valve ze-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic ziye kwi-zero, buyisela kwakhona i-check valve, yima i-hydraulic pump, kwaye uvale i-pneumatic valve ye-tong;

(5) Misela indawo yesiphatho sokubeka izibambo eziphezulu nezisezantsi ngokwemisebenzi yokwakheka/yokuqhekeza. Xa utshintsha iindawo, zonke izikhonkwane zentloko ye-tong kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ngaphambi kokuba zisebenze; kungenjalo, indlela yokusebenza inokungaphumeleli.

Inkqubo yokujikeleza iiRig ze-II

Inkqubo ejikelezayo inamacandelo amabini aphambili: itafile ejikelezayo kunye nokujikeleza. Umsebenzi wazo oyintloko kukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwezixhobo zokubhola ngelixa izixhobo ziqhubeka zibhola kwaye ulwelo lokubhola luqhubeka lujikeleza.

Ulwakhiwo lweTheyibhile ejikelezayoItheyibhile ejikelezayo sisinciphisi segiya esine-figure-eight esiguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo ethe tye ukusuka kwinjini ibe yintshukumo ejikelezayo ethe nkqo.

(1) Itafile ejikelezayo ye-ZP-275 yenziwe ikakhulu ngesiseko esitshixiweyo, i-turntable, i-main bearing, i-anti-jump bearing, i-gear ring enkulu, i-quick-connect assembly, isixhobo sokuqinisa, i-master bushing, kunye ne-upper cover;

(2) Itafile ejikelezayo ye-ZP7-520 yenziwe ikakhulu ngesiseko, i-turntable, ii-bevel gears ezinkulu nezincinci, izinto eziqhagamshela ngokukhawuleza, njl.

Ulwakhiwo lweSwivel

(1) I-S-450 Swivel: Ngokwemisebenzi yayo, i-swivel yenziwe yinxalenye esisigxina, inxalenye ejikelezayo neyithweleyo, kunye nenxalenye yokutywina. Inxalenye esisigxina iqulathe i-housing, i-upper cover, i-lower cover, i-gooseneck, i-bail, kunye ne-bail pin; Inxalenye ejikelezayo neyithweleyo iqulathe umbhobho osembindini, i-joint, i-main bearing, i-anti-jump bearing, kunye nee-upper/lower centralizing bearing; i-sealing part ine-packing assembly kunye nee-high/lower spring seal rings.

(2) I-S7-130 ejikelezayo: Ikwaqulathe iindawo ezintathu eziphambili: ezizinzileyo, ezijikelezayo, kunye nezitywinayo. Indawo ezinzileyo ibandakanya i-housing, i-upper cover, i-choke pipe, i-lower cover, kunye ne-gooseneck; Iindawo eziphambili zenxalenye ejikelezayo yi-center pipe, i-main bearing, i-anti-jump bearing, kunye nee-upper/lower centralizing bearing; indawo yokutywinayo iquka i-oil packing ephezulu, i-oil packing ephantsi, kunye nee-upper/lower choke pipe packing glands.

Inkqubo yokujikeleza iiRig ze-III

Ukuze kususwe rhoqo iziqwenga zemithombo ngolwelo lokugrumba ukuze kugrunjwe ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, isixhobo sixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokujikeleza. Ngokuyintloko ibandakanya iimpompo zokugrumba, ii-manifolds zomphezulu, imigodi yokukhupha ulwelo kunye nee-taw, izixhobo zokucoca ulwelo lokugrumba, kunye nezixhobo zokulungiselela ulwelo lokugrumba. Kwi-downhole motor drilling, inkqubo yokujikeleza ikwathatha umsebenzi wokudlulisa amandla.

(IsiNgesi)1）Ulwakhiwo kunye noMgaqo wokusebenza wePump yokuDrila

Ipompo yokubhola yenziwe ikakhulu ngamacandelo amabini amakhulu: isiphelo solwelo kunye nesiphelo samandla. Isiphelo solwelo sepompo esebenza nge-triplex sibandakanya izinto ezifana ne-cylinder block, i-piston, i-suction valve, kunye ne-discharge valve; isiphelo samandla siquka izinto ezifana nesakhelo, i-crankshaft, i-transmission shaft, i-connecting rod, i-crosshead, kunye ne-wrist pin rod.

Isiphelo samandla siqhuba ishafti ephambili yepompo ukuba ijikeleze ngebhanti (okanye ityathanga, ishafti ebanzi), ize emva koko indlela yentonga yokudibanisa i-crank ishukumise i-piston iye ngasekunene. Uxinzelelo olubi lwenziwa ngaphakathi kwi-cylinder, kwaye ulwelo olukwi-sump ephezulu lutyhala i-valve yokufunxa kwaye lungene kwi-cylinder phantsi koxinzelelo lomoya, ide i-piston iye kwindawo ekunene ukuze igqibezele inkqubo yokufunxa.

Xa i-piston iqala ukuhamba iye ekhohlo, ulwelo olukwisilinda lucinezelwa yi-piston, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo lunyuke. I-suction valve iyavalwa, i-discharge valve ityhalelwe ivuleke, kwaye ulwelo lutyhalelwa ngaphandle kwe-discharge valve yi-piston, emva koko lungene kwi-high-pressure manifold nge-discharge pipe, lugqibezela inkqubo yokukhupha.

（2） I-Manifold engaphezulu

Ibhekisa kwi-manifold yenkqubo yokujikeleza kolwelo lokubhola, kuquka umbhobho wokufunxa ipompo yokubhola, i-manifold enoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye ne-manifold enoxinzelelo oluphantsi.

Umsebenzi ophambili we-high-pressure manifold kukudibanisa i-drilling pump kunye nenkqubo ejikelezayo yokuhambisa ulwelo lokubhola. Yaziwa ngokuba yi-"artery of drilling". Iquka i-drilling pump discharge pipe, ii-surface pipes phakathi kwe-valve group kunye ne-swivel, i-standpipe, kunye ne-rotary hose, zonke ezifunekayo ukumelana noxinzelelo lwe-35 MPa.

I-manifold enoxinzelelo oluphantsi ibhekisa kwinani leepayipi ezidibanisayo phakathi kwevalvu kunye netanki yokucoca, kunye nee-manifold ezidibanisayo phakathi kweetanki zokucoca. Iyimfuneko ukuze imelane noxinzelelo lwe-6 MPa.

Izixhobo zoNcedo kunye nezixhobo ze-IV

I-Winch yombane

Isinyusi sombane

Impompo yeCentrifugal

Impompo engaphantsi kwamanzi

Isibhamu seGrease sohlobo lweLever

I-Hydraulic Jack

Qhagamshelana:UJessie Zhou

Iselfowuni/iWhatsapp:+0086-18109206861
I-imeyile:energy@landrilltools.com

Ixesha leposi: Disemba-24-2025