Indlela yokugcina iikhola zokubhola ezingezizo zemagnethi emva kokusebenzisa

Ukwenzela iiikhola zokubhola ezingezizo ezemagnethi(ii-NMDC) ezisetyenziswa ekubholeni ngendlela ethile, ukugcinwa emva kokusetyenziswa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo, kunye nokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwemagnethi okanye umonakalo wesakhiwo obangelwa kukuphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga, okunokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kokulinganisa umngxuma ongaphantsi. Ngezantsi kukho amanyathelo olondolozo aneenkcukacha kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko:

1. Ukucoca Emva Kokusetyenziswa

• Ukususwa kodaka kunye neediphozithi:
  • Hlamba ngoko nangoko imiphezulu yangaphakathi neyangaphandle yekhola yokubhola ngamanzi anoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye izixhobo zokucoca ezikhethekileyo ukuze ususe ngokupheleleyo ulwelo lokubhola, iziqwenga, igrisi, kunye nezinye iintsalela, ukuthintela ukugqwala okanye ukukrala.
  • Sebenzisa izicoci ezingathathi cala (thintela izinyibilikisi ezine-asidi okanye ezine-alkaline enamandla) ukuthintela ukugqwala komphezulu.
• Ukomisa:
  • Emva kokucoca, sebenzisa umoya ocinezelweyo okanye amalaphu omileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yomile ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo zokudibanisa ezinemisonto, ukuthintela ukugqwala ekugcinweni komswakama.

2. Uhlolo olupheleleyo

• Uhlolo olubonakalayo:
  • Jonga ukuba akukho mikrwelo, iimbobo, imingxunya, okanye ukukhubazeka kumphezulu wekhola, ugxile kwiintambo ezidityanisiweyo kunye neendawo zoxinzelelo (umz., iindawo zotshintsho).
  • Sebenzisa izixhobo zokukhulisa okanye iindlela ezingahambelaniyo nemagnethi (umz., uvavanyo lokungena kwedayi) ukuze ufumane imifantu emincinci.
• Ukuhlolwa kweMisonto:
  • Hlola imisonto yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ukuba ayigugi, ayigugi, okanye ayigugi. Sebenzisa iigeyiji zemisonto ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwayo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
  • Coca imisonto uze ufake igrisi engeyiyo yesinyithi elwa nomhlwa.
• Uvavanyo lokuVula ukuPhela kweMagnetic:
  • Sebenzisa i-gaussmeter (iTesla meter) ukulinganisa ubunzulu bemagnethi kwikhola, uqinisekise ukuba ukuvuleka kwamanzi kuyahlangabezana nemigangatho (ngesiqhelo ≤1.05 μ).
  • Ukuba i-magnetization yendawo ifunyenwe (ngenxa yoxinzelelo okanye ungcoliseko lwesinyithi), yenza i-demagnetization (umz., i-annealing okanye i-degaussing ekhethekileyo).

3. Ukususwa kombane (Ukuba kuyimfuneko)

• Ukuqokelela:
  • Fudumeza kwi-oven elawulwayo yomoya ukuya kubushushu bokutsalela izinto (umz., 600–800°C kwi-Monel alloys) ukuze kupheliswe uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye nemagnetism.
  • Landela ngokungqongqo iiparameter zomenzi ukuze uphephe ukugqithisa kakhulu, okunokubangela ukugqwala phakathi kweegranular okanye ukonakala koomatshini.
• Ukususa iGaussing kwindawo ethile:
  • Sebenzisa izixhobo zokususa i-electromagnetic degaussing ukujolisa kwiindawo ezinemagnethi kwaye ubuyisele iipropati ezingezizo zemagnethi.

4. Ukuthintela ukugqwala kunye nokuthambisa

• Ukwaleka okuchasene nokugqwala:
  • Lungisa umonakalo omncinci womphezulu ngepeyinti yokuchukumisa okanye ii-epoxy coating ukuthintela ukusasazeka kokugqwala.
• Ukukhuselwa Kwemisonto:
  • Faka izinto zokuthambisa ezingezizo ezesinyithi (umz., igrisi esekelwe kwi-molybdenum disulfide) kwimisonto ukuthintela ukuguguleka nokugqwala.
  • Faka izikhuseli zemisonto (umz., izigqubuthelo zeplastiki) ngexesha lokugcina okanye lokuthuthwa.

5. Ulawulo lokuGcina

• Iimfuneko zokusingqongileyo:
  • Gcina kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya ngaphakathi enomswakama ongaphantsi kwama-60% kunye namaqondo obushushu azinzileyo.
  • Gcina kude nemithombo enamandla yemagnethi (umz. iimoto, iitransformer).
• Indawo yokuma:
  • Beka ngokuthe tye kwiirakhi ezilungiselelweyo ukuze ungagobi; ungaze uqokelele ngokuthe nkqo okanye uqokelele ngqo.
  • Hlola iimeko zokugcina rhoqo ngekota ukuze ubone ukuba kukho umhlwa okanye ukuguguleka.

6. Ukhuseleko lwezoThutho

• Ukukhusela kunye nokuQinisa:
  • Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezinee-raber pads okanye iibhloko zomthi ukuthintela iingozi ngexesha lokuhamba.
• Ukukhusela ngeMagnetic:
  • Iikhola zesikhuseli ezinezixhobo ezichasene nemagnethi xa zithuthwa kufutshane nemithombo yemagnethi.

7. Uvavanyo loBugcisa oluQhelekileyo

• Uvavanyo oluQhelekileyo:
  • Yenza uvavanyo lwelebhu lomntu wesithathu kabini ngonyaka/ngonyaka, kuquka:
    • Uvavanyo lokungena kwamanzi (ngokwe-ASTM A342).
    • Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (UT) okanye uvavanyo lwe-radiographic (RT) ukuze kujongwe iziphene zangaphakathi.
    • Uhlalutyo lokwakheka kwezinto (umz., i-spectrometry) ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okungekho kwimagnethi.
• Amaxwebhu:
  • Gcina iirekhodi zeziphumo zovavanyo kunye nezenzo zolondolozo zokulandelela umjikelo wobomi.

8. Uqeqesho lwaBasebenzi

• Qeqesha abasebenzi rhoqo kwi:
  • Ukuthintela izixhobo zentsimbi ukuba zingasebenziI-NMDCs.
  • Ukuphepha ukusebenza/ukugcinwa kufutshane namasimi emagnethi anamandla.
  • Ukusebenzisa ii-torque wrench ukuqinisa imisonto ngokweemfuno.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko aphambili

• Kuphephe ukuWeldaIi-NMDC ngokubanzi azikwazi ukudityaniswa; ukulungiswa kufuneka kwenziwe ngabavelisi abaqinisekisiweyo.
• Ukuhambelana kwezinto: Qinisekisa ukuba izinto zokucoca, izinto zokuthambisa, njl.njl., ziyahambelana nezinto zekhola (umz., ii-alloys zeMonel zinobuthathaka kwi-ammonia; ziphephe izinto eziqulethe i-ammonia).

Ukugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo kunciphisaI-NMDCamazinga okusilela, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokubhola kwicala elithile kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza. Buyisela okanye ubuyisele iikhola ezonakeleyo kakhulu okanye ezinemagnethi kumenzi ngokukhawuleza.

PS:

I-LANDRILLI-can inika uluhlu olupheleleyo lweekhola ezithambileyo nezijikelezayo kwi-NMDC ezine-P530, P550, P650 kunye nezinto ezifanayo. Qhagamshelana nathi ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha.