Indlela Yokuseta Nokukhulula I-RTTS Packer

Iinkcukacha malunga neeRTTS Packers

I-RTTS (Uvavanyo Olunokufumaneka-Ukunyanga-Ukucinezela)abapakishiziipakethi ezinkulu, ezinokufunyanwa ezikwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo oluya kwicala elinye. Zenzelwe ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kwimisebenzi efana novavanyo lokwakheka, ukwenza i-asidi, kunye nokufaka isamente, okuvumela ukuba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo igqitywe ngexesha elinye. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, iipakethi ze-RTTS zihlala zisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yethu yovavanyo lokuvelisa. Ukuze siqonde ngcono ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwesi sixhobo, kufuneka sisihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha, nto leyo eya kusinceda sijongane nemiba enokuvela ngexesha lokwakhiwa kunye nokuphathwa emva kokulungiswa.

1. Inkcazo yee-RTTS Packers

Iipakethi ze-RTTS zitywinwe ngoomatshini, zifakwe isixhobo sokubambelela se-hydraulic. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimisebenzi yokuqhekeka kunye nokwenza i-asidi, kodwa zinokusetyenziswa nakwimisebenzi yokukhupha amanzi emngxunyeni efana nokuvavanya imithombo yamanzi, ukufaka amanzi, kunye nokucudiswa kwesamente.

Iipakethi ze-RTTS zizixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvala iileya zeoyile, igesi, kunye namanzi ngaphakathi kwe-wellbor ene-casing. Zisebenzisa amandla angaphandle ukufinyeza ubude besilinda yerabha kunye nokwandisa ububanzi bayo. Ngokuvala iileya zeoyile kunye nendawo ye-annular, ipakethi iyahlula iileya zeoyile (okanye iileya zegesi/amanzi) ngaphezulu nangaphantsi, ifezekisa injongo yokuvavanya imigodi yeoyile kunye negesi.

Iipakethi ze-RTTS ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, kuquka ii-intshi ezi-4 1/2, ii-intshi ezi-5, ii-intshi ezi-5 1/2, ii-intshi ezi-7, kunye nee-intshi ezi-9 5/8. Ubungakanani ngabunye bepakethi buxhotyiswe nge-J-slot reversing mechanism, ii-mechanical slips, umzimba wepakethi, kunye nesakhiwo se-hydraulic anchoring. Isakhiwo se-hydraulic anchoring sithintela ipakethi ukuba ingatyhalelwa phezulu xa uxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwepakethi luphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi we-hydraulic anchoring, esi sixhobo sifanelekile ngokukodwa ukuvavanya imithombo engenaxinzelelo.

Amanani eemodeli zeepakethi ahambelana nobukhulu bazo: ii-intshi ezi-4 1/2, ii-intshi ezi-5, ii-intshi ezi-5 1/2, ii-intshi ezi-7, kunye nee-intshi ezi-9 5/8, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele imisebenzi yokukhupha imingxuma kwiibhokisi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu.

2. Ulwakhiwo lwesakhiwo:

Le paki ine-ankile ye-hydraulic, isilinda yerabha, i-slip, kunye nebhloko yesikhokelo.

3. Iimpawu:

a) I-ankile ye-hydraulic ibotshelelwe ngoxinzelelo lwetyhubhu, olunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukufuduka komphezulu wepakethi.

b) I-slip yahlulwe kwi-friction block kwaye icinezelwe kwi-groove e-tapered kwimeko engavalwanga.

c) Isixhobo esizenzekelayo esinomfanekiso we-J silula ngakumbi.

d) I-coupling ye-packer casing yohlobo lwe-slip-type ene-tungsten carbide alloy block kunye ne-hydraulic anchoring device yenza kube lula ukuyifaka i-packer.

4. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kusetyenzwa

a) Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise umngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba we-packer, kuyimfuneko ukuwufaka ngokupheleleyo emngxunyeni uze uwuhlambe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba akukho zinto ziqinileyo emngxunyeni ezithintela ukuba umngxunya angawi phantsi aze abekwe.

b) Indlela yokuhlanganisa kufuneka isebenze kakuhle nangokucothayo. Akukho qhosha lokumisa elingxamisekileyo ekufuneka lisetwe ukuthintela indlela yokuhlanganisa ukuba ingasebenzi kwaye itshixwe ngengozi.

c) Indawo yokufakela kufuneka iphephe ukudibana kwendlu yomatshini.

d) Ukuba akukho kuxinana okufunyenweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula itywina, umbhobho omiyo kufuneka utsalwe kwakhona ude ufikelele kubunzulu bomthombo ukuze ibhloko ye-alloy efakwe kwi-casing ikhutshwe kwi-casing ize iphakanyiswe.

5. Iingenelo zeeRTTS Packers

1. Iipakethi zeRTTS zezona zixhobo zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuvavanyweni kwemithombo yeoyile. Zifanelekile ngokukodwa kwimithombo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi, engenamanzi amaninzi kunye nemithombo yeoyile enzima (imithombo engazamiyo ukuzitshiza), nakwiimeko apho ungcoliseko olukhulu lwenzeka ngexesha lokugrumba, ukufaka isamente, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokwakha. Ngenxa yokulahleka okukhulu, kufuneka inani elikhulu lemithombo yovavanyo, kwaye kufuneka ukuphinda-phinda okuninzi ukuze kufunyanwe iiparameter zokwenyani zolwelo kunye nokwakheka.

2. Izixhobo zokuqhekeza ze-RTTS zinokufikelela kuvavanyo lwe-TCP (i-Coventional Fracturing) + i-MFE (i-Multi-stage Fracturing), kwaye zinokusebenzisa uvavanyo oluphindwe kathathu lwe-TCP (i-Conventional Fracturing) + i-MFE (i-Multi-stage Fracturing) + i-JET (i-hydraulic pump drainage), kwaye emva koko zenze i-TCP (i-Conventional Fracturing) + i-MFE (i-Multi-stage Fracturing) + i-JET (i-hydraulic pump drainage) + i-acidizing kunye nezinye iindlela ezine ezidibeneyo zokuvavanya ubuchwepheshe obutsha.

Izixhobo zokupakisha ze-RTTS kulula ukuzisebenzisa, zingabizi kakhulu, zinokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko, kwaye zinezibonelelo ezilungileyo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo.

Iipakethe ze-RTTS (Retrievable Test-Treat-Squeeze) ziipakethe ezivulekayo nezinokutsalwa ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya, ukunyanga, kunye nokuqinisa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, esi sixhobo siqhutywa phantsi komngxuma ngendibano yevalvu ejikelezayo. Umzimba wepakethe uquka indlela ye-J-slot, ii-mechanical slips, i-packer element, kunye ne-hydraulic slip. Ii-slips ezinkulu, ezinzima kwi-hydraulic locking mechanism zinceda ukuthintela isixhobo ekufakweni equleni. Kwimizimba yepakethe ≤ 3 1/2 intshi (88.9 mm), i-drag spring isebenzisa indlela ye-J-slot, ngelixa kwi-pakethe ubungakanani ≥ 4 intshi (101.6 mm), kusetyenziswa i-drag block. Zonke ii-pakethe zomzimba ziza ngokwesiqhelo kunye ne-automatic J-slot sleeve. Ukuba kusetyenziswa i-circulating valve, yeyohlobo oluvaliweyo oluvulekileyo/olutshixayo, olunokusetyenziswa njenge-circulating valve kunye ne-bypass valve. Xa i-pakethe isetiwe, i-valve itshixa ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo evaliweyo. Ngexesha lovavanyo okanye imisebenzi yokufaka isamente, isixhobo sokutshixa sithintela ivalvu ukuba ingavulwa. I-J-slot ethe tye kwindawo evulekileyo yokutshixa ifana ne-J-slot ethe tye (ukhetho) emzimbeni wepacker. Olu dibaniso lususa isidingo sokujikeleza ityhubhu ukuvala ivalvu ejikelezayo okanye ukuseta kwakhona ipacker emva kokuba ityhubhu isusiwe yisamente.

Iimbonakalo:

1. Uyilo oluvulekileyo ngokupheleleyo lwe-packer mandrel bore luvumela ukuba kufakwe ulwelo oluninzi kwisixhobo. Izibhamu ezigqobhozayo ezithuthwa ngetyhubhu kunye nezinye izixhobo zentambo zinokusetyenziswa kwi-packer.
2. Ipakethi ingamiselwa kwaye ibekwe kwakhona amaxesha amaninzi ngokulawulwa okulula kwetyhubhu.
3. Ii-tungsten carbide inserts zinika amandla amakhulu okubamba kunye nokumelana okungcono kokuguguleka, nto leyo esebenza kakhulu xa isetyenziswa kwi-casing enamandla aphezulu. Uxinzelelo olufakwa kwityhubhu luvuselela ii-inserts kwi-hydraulic locking mechanism

4. Ivalvu ejikelezayo edibeneyo ekhethiweyo itshixa kwindawo evulekileyo okanye evaliweyo ngexesha lovavanyo lokucinezela kwaye ivulwa lula xa kufuneka ukuvumela ukujikeleza kwegazi ngaphezulu kwepakethi.

Umsebenzi:

Ukuze usete ipakethi, isixhobo sithotywa kancinci ngaphantsi kwendawo yokuseta oyifunayo size sinyuswe size sijikeleziswe izihlandlo ezininzi. Ukuba isixhobo sisezantsi, kusenokufuneka ukuba sijike isiqingatha sejika. Nangona kunjalo, kwimingxuma enzulu okanye ephambukileyo, kufuneka kujikelezwe izihlandlo ezininzi kusetyenziswa isixhobo esijikelezayo. Ukuze kugcinwe indawo, i-torque yesandla sasekunene kufuneka igcinwe ide ifakelwe ngoomatshini kwisixhobo kwaye iqale ukuthwala ubunzima. Uxinzelelo olulinganiselayo kufuneka lufakwe kumacala omabini epakethi ukuze kukhululwe ipakethi. Xa ikhupha ityhubhu, ivalvu ejikelezayo ihlala ivaliwe, idala ukujikeleza okungasemva ezantsi kwepakethi. Xa ityhubhu ithotywa, ijikeleziswa ngasekunene, kwaye iphakanyisiwe, ivalvu ejikelezayo iyavuleka ukuvumela ulwelo ukuba lujikeleziswe luphume equleni.

Indlela Yokuseta Nokukhulula I-RTTS Packer

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise i-packer downhole, hambisa isikhongozeli se-friction block phezulu nasezantsi izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze ujonge ukuhambahamba kwezilayidi zoomatshini, uze usifake equleni.

Xa ulungiselela ukungena emthonjeni, vala ivalvu ejikelezayo kwindawo evulekileyo; i-J-slot nayo ikwindawo evaliweyo, oko kukuthi, ilug kwindawo ye-J-slot hook, kwaye i-slip ikwimeko yokurhoxa.

Ngexesha lokusebenza, indlela yokutyibilika ityibilika iye phezulu, ibeka izityibiliki zoomatshini kwaye ivale ivalvu ejikelezayo. Ukuthintela ukuvalwa ngengozi kwevalvu, yehlisa intambo yetyhubhu kwaye uyijikelezise ngasekunene, uyiphakamise uye kwindawo evulekileyo, uze uyijikelezise ngasekhohlo uye kwindawo evulekileyo etshixiweyo, uqaphele ukuba ungayikhululi intambo yetyhubhu.
Xa isixhobo sifika kwindawo yovavanyo apho kuza kwenziwa khona imisebenzi, sithobe kancinci ngaphantsi kwendawo yokuseta, uze usiphakamise uye kwindawo yokuseta.
Phantsi komngxuma, jikelezisa umtya wetyhubhu izihlandlo ezininzi uye ngasekunene, ujikelezise isixhobo ngesiqingatha kuphela.

Gcina i-torque yesandla sasekunene kwintambo yetyhubhu kwaye ubeke ubunzima kwiisliphu zoomatshini.Yeka ukuthoba umtya wetyhubhu, yijikelezise ngasekhohlo, uze ukhulule i-torque yesandla sasekunene. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-1/2 turn of rotation rhoqo emva kweemitha ezingama-300 yanele, kwaye akufuneki idlule inani lee-rotation zesandla sasekunene ngexesha lokuseta.

Ngelixa usebenzisa i-torque yesandla sasekunene, yehlisa intambo yetyhubhu kwi-packer, ubeke isixhobo kwimeko yokusebenza kwamandla okuseta oyifunayo.

Vula ivalvu ejikelezayo kwaye ugcine ulwelo, ujikelezise intambo yombhobho ngasekunene, uze uyiphakamise; faka uxinzelelo kumbhobho uze uqhubeke nokuphakamisa ude ujikeleze. Ngoku yibambe kule ndawo, faka ulwelo, uze ukhulule intambo yombhobho ude uphele uxinzelelo lolwelo, uvumele isixhobo ukuba siqale ukuthwala ubunzima. Jikelezisa ngasekhohlo uze ukhulule i-torque, uze uqhubeke nokunciphisa ubunzima ude upakishe kwakhona ngesixhobo osifunayo.

Xa ugqiba ukuvavanya nokukhulula ipakethe, qala ulinganise uxinzelelo kwipakethe. Emva koko, phakamisa intambo yetyhubhu ngaphandle kokuyijikelezisa, ngaloo ndlela ugcine ivalvu ejikelezayo ivaliwe kwaye umise ukujikeleza okujikelezayo okujikeleze ipakethe.

Yehlisa ityhubhu, jikelezisa intambo yetyhubhu, uze uyiphakamise, ngaloo ndlela uvule ivalvu ejikelezayo, kwaye isixhobo sinokutsalwa siphume entlokweni yomthombo.