Uphando malunga nezixhobo zokwandisa isantya sokubhola

Okwangoku, izixhobo zokonyusa isantya sokubhola zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo loomatshini kunye nohlobo lwe-hydraulic. Izixhobo zoomatshini zisebenzisa i-Weight on Bit (WOB) ukuvelisa amandla okubetha, nto leyo ephucula ngempumelelo ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqhekeza amatye kwiindawo eziqinileyo, kodwa kukho iingxaki ezifana nokungcangcazela okunamandla, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nokonakala kokudinwa ngokulula. Izixhobo ze-hydraulic zisebenzisa ulwelo lokubhola ukuqhuba iihammer zokubetha, ukudibanisa impembelelo, ukujikeleza kunye nejethi ukuqhekeza amatye. Zineengenelo ezibalulekileyo ekwandiseni iRate of Penetration (ROP), ukulawula ukuphambuka kwemithombo kunye nokwandisa ubomi beebhithi, kodwa ngokubanzi zineengxaki ezifana nokuphindaphindeka kwempembelelo enye kunye nobunzima bokuziqhelanisa neemfuno zeendawo ezahlukeneyo.

Iteknoloji yokugrumba ngempembelelo yahlulwe ngokubanzi kwiindidi ezintathu ngokwendlela yokusebenza: iteknoloji yokugrumba ngempembelelo, iteknoloji yokugrumba ngempembelelo kunye neteknoloji yokugrumba ngempembelelo edibeneyo ye-axial-torsional. Eyona nto iphambili yokugrumba ngempembelelo yokunyusa isantya kukuguqula amandla oxinzelelo lwegesi okanye ulwelo abe ngamandla oomatshini okugrumba ngempembelelo ejikelezayo okanye ejikelezayo ngesixhobo sokugrumba, esisetyenziswa ngqo kwisiphelo esingasemva sebhithi, nto leyo ephucula imeko yokusika kwebhithi kwaye yonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhithi.

Itekhnoloji yokubhola ngempembelelo yeTorsional yitekhnoloji entsha yokwandisa isantya sokubhola kwiminyaka yakutshanje, esetyenziswa kakhulu ukusombulula ukungcangcazela "okunamathelayo" okuveliswa ziibhithi zePDC. Xa isetyenziswa, i-torsional impactor ifakwe ngasemva kwebhithi. Ngokusebenzisa uyilo lwayo lwangaphakathi, inokuguqula amandla e-hydraulic olwelo abe ngamandla oomatshini empembelelo ye-torsional. Ibhithi iqhekeza ilitye phantsi kwesenzo esidibeneyo se-torque eqinileyo yentambo yokubhola kunye ne-torque yempembelelo eveliswa yi-impactor.

ulandela imizekelo uzisa izixhobo ezimbini ezintsha

1. Isixhobo Sokubhola Esinyusa Isantya Esinobuninzi Bempembelelo Elungisekayo

Isixhobo sokwandisa isantya sokubhola nge-hydraulic esihlengahlengiswa rhoqo sinesakhiwo esiphambili sempembelelo esakhiwe ziibheringi, umzimba we-shaft esezantsi, iipayi zepiston, ihamile yempembelelo, umlomo we-throttle kunye nezinye izinto.

Umgaqo Wokusebenza:Isebenzisa umahluko woxinzelelo oluphindaphindeneyo olwenziwa lulwelo lokubhola kwiindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zehamile yokubethela ukuqhuba ihamile yokubethela ukuba ibuyisele ngesantya esiphezulu, ivelise amandla okubethela ajikelezayo adluliselwa ngqo kwi-bit ukunceda ekuqhekekeni kwamatye. Isitshixo kukuba esi sixhobo sinokulungisa imvamisa yokubethela ngokutshintsha inani lemingxuma elinganayo emzimbeni womngxuma osezantsi, ngaloo ndlela ihlengahlengise iimfuno zokubhola zeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ukusetyenziswa kweSixhobo sokuGqobhoza isantya esine-Adjustable Impact Frequency

Uvavanyo lweSithili kwiFomethi eQinileyo nePhakathi: Ngokusekelwe kwi-frequency yempembelelo efanelekileyo (16 Hz) ekhethwe ngokulinganisa amanani, esi sixhobo sivavanyiwe kwiWell X1 yeXinjiang Oilfield. Kwicandelo lokwakheka elinobukhali obuqinileyo kunye neRate of Penetration ephantsi (ROP), ukuthelekiswa nomngxuma okufutshane kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokubhoboza izikrufu kubonisa ukuba emva kokusebenzisa esi sixhobo, i-single run footage inyuke nge-53%, i-mechanical ROP inyuke nge-27.0%, nto leyo enciphisa ngempumelelo inani lohambo kwaye igcina ixesha lokwakha.

Uvavanyo lweNdawo kwiNdawo eQondisiweyo: Ngokwe-frequency yempembelelo efanelekileyo (18 Hz) ekhethwe yi-numeral simulation, esi sixhobo savavanywa kwi-Carboniferous Andesite kunye ne-Basalt formations apho ukubhoboza kungavumelekanga kakuhle kwi-Well X3 ye-Xinjiang Oilfield.

Isiphelo: Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba emva kokusebenzisa esi sixhobo, i-ROP yoomatshini inyuswe kakhulu nge-103.2% xa ithelekiswa nemithombo esecaleni, nto leyo ebonisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuba inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokugrumba kwaye inciphise umjikelo wokugrumba kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.

2. Uyilo lweSixhobo sokubhola esiNyusa isantya sokubhola

Indlela yokwenza i-hydraulic torsional impact mechanism yenzelwe, engundoqo wayo inamacandelo amathathu: indlela yokusasazwa kokuhamba kwamanzi, indlela yokuguqula umva, kunye nendlela yokwenza impact.

Inkqubo yokuHamba: Ekuqaleni (imeko a), ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu lungena kwi-cavity yasekhohlo ye-hydraulic hammer nge-channel yokuhamba ekhohlo ye-valve core ebuyela umva, lutyhala i-hydraulic hammer kunye ne-valve core ukuze zijikeleze kunye de i-hydraulic hammer ichaphazele isihlalo se-hydraulic hammer (imeko b). Emva kokuchaphazeleka, ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu lungena kwi-cavity yasekunene eyenziwe yi-hydraulic hammer kunye ne-valve core nge-channel yolawulo olusekunene, lutyhala i-valve core ukuba iqhubeke nokujikeleza ngokwewotshi ukuya kwindawo yokubuyela umva (imeko c), ukuze ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu lutshintshele kwi-channel yokuhamba ekunene kwaye lungene kwi-cavity yasekunene ye-hydraulic hammer, luqhube i-hydraulic hammer kunye ne-valve core ukuba ijikeleze ngokuchasene newotshi (imeko c). De i-hydraulic hammer ichaphazele isihlalo se-hydraulic hammer kwakhona (imeko d), ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu lungena kwi-cavity yasekhohlo nge-channel yolawulo olusekhohlo, lutyhala i-valve core ukuba ijikeleze ngokuchasene newotshi ukuze ibuyele umva kwaye ibuyele kwimeko yokuqala (imeko a). Oku kujikeleza, kwenza i-high-frequency reciprocating torsional impact ngokusebenzisa i-backback eqhubekayo kunye ne-impact eqhutywa lulwelo.

Umgaqo Wokusebenza:Emva kokuba ulwelo (udaka) lungene kwisingxobo sokusasazwa kokuhamba kwamanzi ngejoyinti ephezulu kunye nombhobho wesikhokelo, lusasazwa kwindlela yokubuyisela umva kunye nendlela yokuchaphazela, kwaye iindlela ezimbini zolwelo zahlulwe yipleyiti yokusasazwa kokuhamba kwamanzi. Emva koko, ulwelo ludlula kwi-nozzle ngaphakathi kwe-mandrel, lwenze iindawo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi ngaphambi nasemva kwalo. I-core yevalvu ebuyisela umva ijikeleza phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhutywayo, ilawula imingxunya yasekhohlo neyasekunene yehamile ye-hydraulic ukuze idibane ngokutshintshiselana kwiindawo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi, okwenza ihamile ye-hydraulic ibuyele umva ukuze ichaphazele isihlalo sehamile ye-hydraulic phantsi kwesenzo somahluko woxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela yenza impembelelo ye-torsional ephindaphindayo ephezulu.

I-Sub e-1-Upper; I-2-Outer Casing; I-3-Guide Pipe; I-4-Flow Distribution Sleeve; I-5-Flow Distribution Plate; I-6-Bolt; I-7-Upper Support Ring; I-8-Hydraulic Hammer; I-9-Hydraulic Hammer; I-10-Reversing Valve Core; I-11-Lower Support Ring; I-12-Mandrel; I-13-Lower Sub;

Umzobo weSchematic wesakhiwo seTorsional Impact Mechanism

Inkqubo yokuHamba kweNdlela yokuHamba kweTorsional

Uhlobo lwendlela yokuchaphazela i-axial luyilwe. Ii-hydraulic axial impactors zahlulwe kakhulu zibe ziintlobo ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-valve kunye nohlobo olungena-valve. Ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwee-impactors zohlobo lwe-valve luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ukuthembeka kwazo akukuhle; uhlobo olungena-valve luquka ikakhulu uhlobo lwe-jet kunye nohlobo lwe-jet-suction, apho uhlobo lwe-jet lunobomi obufutshane benkonzo. I-jet-suction hydraulic impactor inesakhiwo esilula, ifumana impembelelo exhomekeke kwi-jet entrainment kunye ne-water hammer oscillation effect, ineendawo ezimbalwa ezihambayo ngaphakathi kwaye ayinazo iindawo ezibuthathaka, kwaye inokuziqhelanisa ngcono neemeko ezinzima zomngxuma.

Isihlalo seNozzle eNkulu e-1; I-Nozzle eNkulu e-2; Ivalvu eNkulu e-3; Isleeve yeValve eNkulu e-4; I-Nozzle yeSekondari e-5; I-Casing yangaphandle e-6-Axial; Isleeve yeNkxaso e-7; I-Hammer ye-Impact e-8; Intloko yeHammer e-9; Isihlalo seHammer e-10; I-Cap yoKhuseleko e-11; Umgaqo wokusebenza odibeneyo o-12-Hexagonal we-Axial Impact Mechanism.

Ukwakheka koMsinga wokuqala kunye nomahluko woxinzelelo: Ulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwenza ijethi ekhawulezayo nge-nozzle ephezulu. Phantsi kwesenzo esidibeneyo sokufakwa kwejethi kunye nesiphumo sokubhoboza, umahluko woxinzelelo wenziwa kwiindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zevalvu ephezulu, kunye naphakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu elingaphandle lehamile yokubetha kunye nesiphelo esisezantsi sentloko yehamile.

Ukunyuswa Kweenxalenye Eziphezulu kunye nokutywinwa kweChannel yeFlow: Iqhutywa kukwahluka kwazo koxinzelelo, ivalvu ephezulu iya phezulu, kwaye iinxalenye zempembelelo (i-nozzle yesibini, i-hammer yempembelelo, kunye nentloko ye-hammer) nazo ziya phezulu de i-nozzle yesibini iqhagamshelane nevalvu ephezulu kwaye ivale i-flow channel.

Ukuveliswa kweHammer yamanzi kunye neNtshukumo eHlala phantsi eManyeneyo: Ukuvalwa kwangoko komjelo wokuhamba kwamanzi kubangela ukushukuma kwehammer yamanzi, kwaye uxinzelelo olukwigumbi lunyuka kakhulu, lutyhala ivalvu ephezulu kunye nezinto ezichaphazelayo ukuba zikhawuleze ziye ezantsi kunye.

Impembelelo Engasebenziyo kunye Nokubuyiselwa Komjikelo: Emva kokuba ivalvu ephezulu ishukumisele kwindawo esezantsi yomda, izinto ezisebenza ngayo ziyaqhubeka nokuhla phantsi kwe-inertia, kwaye ekugqibeleni zibethe isihlalo sesando ukuze kugqitywe impembelelo ye-axial. Emva kwempembelelo, umjelo wokuhamba ubuyela kwi-smooth, kwaye indlela iphinda iqalise ukusebenza phantsi kwesenzo se-Weight on Bit (WOB), iqala umjikelo olandelayo.

Qhagamshelana:UJessie Zhou

Iselfowuni/iWhatsapp:+0086-18109206861
I-imeyile:energy@landrilltools.com