Ukwakhiwa kunye nomsebenzi wesakhiwo somthombo

Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo somthombo:

1. Umqhubi

Ibhokisi yokuqala kwisakhiwo somngxuma kufutshane nodonga lomngxuma ovulekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-conduit. Imisebenzi: ukukhusela umphezulu okufutshane nentloko yomngxuma ekuhlanjweni ekuqaleni kokugrumba, ukumisela ukujikeleza kodaka, ukukhokela isixhobo sokugrumba, ukuqinisekisa ukugrumba ngokuthe nkqo komngxuma, njl.

2. Ibhokisi yomphezulu

Ibhokisi yesibini kwisakhiwo somngxuma ibizwa ngokuba yibhokisi yomphezulu. Umsebenzi wayo kukuvala umaleko wamanzi, ukuqinisa udonga lwelitye elingaphezulu elikhululekileyo, ukukhusela umngxuma kunye nokufaka ipakethi.

3. Ibhokisi yobugcisa

Umaleko wekhava ofakwe ngaphakathi kwekhava engaphezulu ubizwa ngokuba yikhava yobugcisa. Umsebenzi kukukhusela nokuvala ukwakheka okunzima nokuntsonkothileyo ngaphezulu kwedama ukuqinisekisa ukugrumba okuthambileyo.

4. Ibhokisi yeeleya yeoyile

Umaleko wokugqibela wesingxobo kwiqula leoyile ubizwa ngokuba yi-oil layer casing, obizwa ngokuba yi-casing. Umsebenzi walo kukuqinisa udonga lwequla le-oyile, ukuvala iileya zeoyile, igesi kunye namanzi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwequla leoyile ixesha elide.

5. Ukufaka isamente

Ukufaka isamente yinkqubo apho i-samente slurry ifakwa khona kwindawo ephakathi kwe-casing kunye nodonga lomthombo. Umsebenzi wayo kukuqinisa udonga lomthombo, ukukhusela i-casing, kunye nokuvala i-oyile, igesi kunye nomgangatho wamanzi emthonjeni ukuze zingangqubani.

6. Isigqubuthelo sesamente

Emva kokugqiba zonke iintlobo ze-casing kunye ne-cementing, i-solid sang ring cylinder yenziwa kwindawo ephakathi kwe-casing kunye nodonga lomthombo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cementing cement ring. Umsebenzi wayo kukuvala ukwakheka, ukuqinisa udonga lomthombo kunye nokukhusela i-casing.

7. I-master bushing

Kwi-rotary drilling, inxalenye yombhobho we-kelly inamathele embindini we-turntable ejikelezisa izixhobo ezingaphantsi komhlaba.

8. Ubunzulu obupheleleyo bokugrumba

Ubunzulu bokugrumba obugqityiweyo bubhekisela kubude obuvela ezantsi komngxuma ovulekileyo ukuya phezulu komphezulu we-bushing wetafile ejikelezayo.

9. Ubunzulu bekheyisi

Ubunzulu bekheyisi bubhekisa kubunzulu obuphakathi komphezulu ophezulu wetafile ejikelezayo kunye nendawo yesihlangu sekheyisi sokwakheka kweoyile.

10. Umngxuma wokwenziwa ongaphantsi

Umphezulu womngxuma weoyile ohlala kwibhokisi emva kokuba isamente ibekwe kwicandelo elisezantsi lebhokisi. Ubunzulu bomngxuma ongaphantsi obungengowenziweyo bubonakaliswa bubunzulu bomgama ukusuka kumphezulu wetafile ejikelezayo ukuya kumngxuma ongaphantsi obungengowenziweyo.

11. Imbuyekezo ephezulu yesamente

Ukuphakama kwesamente kubuyela kwindawo ephakathi kwekhava kunye ne-wellbore. Ubunzulu besamente kubuyela buyalingana nomgama ophakathi komphezulu we-turntable kunye nomphezulu wesamente wendawo ephakathi.

12. Iplagi yesamente

Emva kokufaka isamente, ikholamu yesamente ukusuka ezantsi komthombo ogrunjiweyo ukuya ezantsi komthombo wokwenziwa yiplagi yesamente.