Ukuqonda iiPacker Grades V6 ukuya kwi-V0 (Icandelo lesi-2): Ukucacisa uHlelo lwe-Downhole “Sealing Guardians” kwi-API 11D1 Standard

Kumgca wokhuselo lwangaphantsi komhlaba wemveliso yeoyile negesi,abapakishizizixhobo eziphambili ezithintela ukuhamba kwamanzi okwenziwa kwaye ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemithombo yamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno zokusebenza kokutywina ziyahluka kakhulu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemithombo yamanzi: imithombo yesiqhelo enganzulu ifuna ukutywinwa okusisiseko kuphela, ngelixa imithombo yemifuno emuncu enobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu ifuna ukhuseleko lokungavuzi.

I-API 11D1 Standard yeZixhobo zeDownhole—iiPackers kunye neeBridge Plugs kwiShishini lePetroleum kunye neGesi yendalo icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba amanqanaba e-packer ayanda kancinci kancinci ukusuka kwi-V6 ukuya kwi-V0; okukhona inani lincinci, kokukhona iimfuno zokusebenza ziqinile—i-V6 linqanaba lokuqala lokungena, ngelixa i-V0 linqanaba lokugqibela lokusebenza, apho inqanaba ngalinye lihambelana nemigangatho yovavanyo ecacileyo kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo.

Namhlanje sihlalutya isiseko sobugcisa, iimeko ezifanelekileyo, kunye neemfuno zovavanyo lweBanga V2, V1, kunye ne-V0 ukukunceda ukhethe "umlindi" ofanelekileyo.

Okokuqala, qonda: Kutheni i-API 11D1 ifaka iipakethi “ezikumgangatho ophezulu”? Ubunzima bemithombo yeoyile negesi bungaphaya kokucingelwa: imithombo enganzulu inokumelana kuphela noxinzelelo lwe-10 MPa kunye nobushushu be-50°C, ngelixa imithombo yegesi yolwandle olujulileyo inokudlula i-100 MPa kuxinzelelo, eminye imithombo yegesi idla ngokudlula i-170°C kubushushu, kwaye imingxuma emuncu ijongene nemingcipheko yokugqwala rhoqo. Ukungangqinelani kwepakethi yenqanaba eliphantsi nomthombo oxinezelekileyo (njengokusebenzisa ihashe elincinci ukutsala inqwelo enzima) kunokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwetywina kunye nomngcipheko wokuqhushumba; ngokuchaseneyo, ukusebenzisa iipakethi zexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu kwimingxuma eqhelekileyo kuchitha iindleko.

Kwimithombo yokuvelisa igesi kunye nemithombo yokufakwa kwegesi, i-API 11D1 icacisa iimfuno zovavanyo lokuqinisekisa kwiindidi ezintathu: i-V2, i-V1, kunye ne-V0.

Ibanga V2: Inqanaba lokungena lokutywina igesi

Inkcazo yoBugcisa eQhelekileyo: I-V2 ibandakanya uvavanyo lokutywina igesi okokuqala; yeyona nqanaba liphantsi lokungena kwabapakishi bemithombo yegesi, kunye novavanyo oluphambili olugxile ekuthembekeni kokutywina kwiindawo zokuhamba kwamanzi ngezigaba ezininzi.

Iimeko Zomthombo Osebenzayo

• Imithombo enzulu (4,000–5,000 m)
• Uxinzelelo lokusebenza ≤ 138 MPa (≈ 1,400 kgf/cm²)
• Ubushushu bokusebenza ≤ 177°C
• Phakathi: Ukuhamba kwe-multiphase nge-gas-oil ratio (GOR) > 500, equlethe ubungakanani obuncinci be-H₂S (uxinzelelo oluyinxenye ≤ 0.07 MPa)
• Utshintsho olukhulu kuxinzelelo (umz., imithombo yemveliso emva kwemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yokuqhekeka)

Imeko eziqhelekileyo

Imithombo yegesi eqhelekileyo eselunxwemeni, imithombo yophuhliso kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi ezinesalfure encinci.

Iimfuno zovavanyo

• Kufuneka uqale uphumelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-V3
• Uvavanyo lokutywina igesi: Sebenzisa i-nitrogen njengesixhobo, bamba uxinzelelo kwi-80% yoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo imizuzu eli-15; izinga lokuvuza ≤ 10 ii-cubic centimeters ezisemgangathweni ngomzuzu (sccm)
• Uvavanyo lomthwalo we-axial oluphuculweyo: Sebenzisa amandla e-axial e-±100 kN, kunye novavanyo lomjikelo woxinzelelo
• Ingxelo yovavanyo lokutywinwa kwegesi eneenkcukacha ezininzi kufuneka inikwe

Ibanga V1: Elilungelelaniswe neemeko eziguqukayo kakhulu

Inkcazo yoBugcisa: Ngokusekelwe kwi-V2, i-V1 iphucula umjikelo wobushushu kunye novavanyo lokudibanisa umthwalo oluguquguqukayo; iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwemeko yokusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu/ubushushu obuphezulu, kwaye lolona khetho luphambili kwimithombo yolwandle olunzulu/enzulu kakhulu.

Iimeko Zomthombo Osebenzayo

• Imithombo enzulu kakhulu (5,000–6,000 m)
• Uxinzelelo lokusebenza ≤ 172 MPa (≈ 1,750 kgf/cm²)
• Ubushushu bokusebenza ≤ 204°C (uluhlu lokuguquguquka kobushushu ≤ 100°C)
• Iphakathi: Iqulethe i-H₂S (uxinzelelo olungaphelelanga ≤ 0.5 MPa) kunye ne-CO₂ (uxinzelelo olungaphelelanga ≤ 8 MPa)
• Imithwalo enamandla enamandla (umz., ukuqhekeka kwemithombo ethe tyaba yegesi yeshale, ukungcangcazela kwentambo yetyhubhu yolwandle olunzulu)

Imeko eziqhelekileyo

Imithombo ethe tyaba yegesi yeshale, imigodi yeoyile yolwandle olunzulu, isigaba sophuhliso lwemithombo yegesi yesulfure ephezulu.

Iimfuno zovavanyo

• Kufuneka uqale uphumelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-V2
• Uvavanyo lomjikelo wobushushu: Jikeleza kabini phakathi kwe -29°C kunye ne 204°C, ubambe uxinzelelo iiyure ezi-2 ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kokuvuza
• Umjikelo woxinzelelo olutshintshayo: Umjikelo ophindwe ngama-500 phakathi kwe-0 kunye ne-100% yoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo, kubandakanya ukushukuma koxinzelelo olushukumayo
• Imfuneko yesantya sokuvuza kwegesi: ≤ 0.1 sccm Linganisa ulwandiso/ukucutheka kwentambo yetyhubhu (±50.8 mm) kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-radial; ukusebenza kokutywina akutshintshi

Ibanga V0: Isiseko soKhuseleko "soMgcini" oPhezulu, esingenakuvuza

Inkcazo yoBugcisa: I-V0 yeyona nqanaba liphezulu kwi-API 11D1; igubungela zonke izinto zovavanyo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, kunye "nokuvalwa kwegesi ye-zero-bubble" eyongezelelweyo kunye "novavanyo lokubuyela umva koxinzelelo" - "ngumgca wokugqibela wokuzikhusela" kwiindawo ezixineneyo.

Iimeko Zomthombo Osebenzayo

• Imithombo yobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu enzulu kakhulu (> 6,000 m)
• Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo > 103 MPa, ubushushu > 177°C (indawo enobushushu obuphezulu (HPHT))
• Iphakathi: Iqulethe i-H₂S enoxinzelelo oluphezulu (uxinzelelo oluyinxenye ≥ 1 MPa) kunye ne-CO₂ (uxinzelelo oluyinxenye ≥ 10 MPa)
• Ifuna ukuvalwa okusisigxina (umz., imisebenzi yokucima iplagi kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma (P&A)) okanye iimfuno zokhuseleko ezigqithisileyo (umz., imigodi yokulahla inkunkuma yenyukliya)

Imeko eziqhelekileyo

Imithombo yegesi enesalfure eninzi kwiSichuan Basin, iindawo zokugcina igesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu elwandle, kunye nemithombo ye-geothermal.

Iimfuno zoVavanyo (Imigangatho engqongqo kakhulu)

• Kufuneka uqale uphumelele uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-V1
• Ukuvalwa kwegesi engenamaqamza: Sebenzisa i-helium njengesixhobo, bamba uxinzelelo kuxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo imizuzu eli-15; akukho kuqokelelana kwamaqamza kwisilinda esiphumeleleyo (isantya sokuvuza sisondela ku-zero)
• Uvavanyo lokuguqula uxinzelelo: Yenza ukuguquka kwecala loxinzelelo kabini kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngaphandle kokusilela kwesitywina
• Umjikelo wobushushu ophuculweyo: Iphola ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwi-204°C ukuya kwi-29°C, yibambe icinezelo, uze uyifudumeze kwakhona; ukuvala kuhlala kusebenza kulo lonke ixesha
• Itekhnoloji yokuchonga ukuvuza kwe-vacuum kufuneka isetyenziswe ukuze kufunyanwe ukuvuza okusemgangathweni + okunobungakanani

Imigaqo emi-3 ephambili yokuphepha iingxaki zokukhetha

(1) Khetha ubuncinane uGrade V2 kwimithombo yegesi, ubuncinane uGrade V1 kwimithombo emuncu, kwaye kufuneka ukhethe uGrade V0 kwimithombo yeHPHT;

(2) Ukuphucula umgangatho ngokusekelwe kwimithwalo eguquguqukayo: Kwimithombo enemisebenzi yokuqhekeka/yokwenza i-asidi, phucula umgangatho wesiseko ngenqanaba eli-1 (umz., V2 → V1);

(3) Jonga ukugutyungelwa kwesiqinisekiso: Ibanga V0 lingagubungela zonke iimeko ezikumgangatho ophantsi, kodwa qinisekisa ukuba ingxelo yovavanyo ibandakanya iiparameter zemeko yequla ekujoliswe kulo (umz., ubushushu, uxinzelelo, umlinganiselo ophakathi).

Isikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo: Ibanga "Ubudlelwane bokubandakanywa"

I-API 11D1 icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iipakethi zezinga eliphezulu zigubungela ngokuzenzekelayo ukusebenza kwebanga eliphantsi. Umzekelo: Imveliso eqinisekisiweyo kwiBanga V0 ingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiimeko zeBanga V1–V6; nangona kunjalo, imveliso yeBanga V5 akufuneki isetyenziswe kwimithombo yegesi efuna ukutywinwa kwegesi yeBanga V2.

• Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokupakisha kubalulekile ekulinganiseni ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko.

Kuyathenjwa ukuba olu hlalutyo luhlaziyiweyo luza kukunceda uphephe ukungaqondani kwamanqanaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo nganye yokusebenzela isebenzisa izixhobo zokutywina ezihambelana nomthamo.

Qhagamshelana:UJessie Zhou

Iselfowuni/iWhatsapp:+0086-18109206861
I-imeyile:energy@landrilltools.com