1. Yintoni umsebenzi womngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba?
Ukusebenza kwemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba yindlela yobuchwepheshe yokuqinisekisa ukuveliswa okuqhelekileyo kwemigodi yeoyile namanzi kwinkqubo yokuhlola nokuphuhlisa amasimi eoyile. Ioyile negesi yendalo ezigqunywe ngamawaka okanye amawaka eemitha ngaphantsi komhlaba zizinto ezixabisekileyo ezingaphantsi komhlaba. Ezi ngcebo yeoyile zimbiwa ngeepaseji zamatye ezigrunjwe ngeengqimba zeoyile ezingaphantsi komhlaba ziye emhlabeni ngexabiso elikhulu. Kwinkqubo yemveliso yexesha elide, imigodi yeoyile namanzi ichaphazeleka rhoqo kukuhamba kweoyile negesi, ukuze imigodi yeoyile itshintshe rhoqo, iguge kancinci kancinci, kwaye kubekho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusilela, okubangela ukungaphumeleli kwemveliso eqhelekileyo yemigodi yeoyile namanzi. Ide iyekwe. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukwenza imisebenzi yemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba kwimigodi yeoyile namanzi eneengxaki kunye nokusilela, ukuze kubuyiselwe imveliso eqhelekileyo yemigodi yeoyile namanzi. Imisebenzi yemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba ibandakanya ikakhulu ukugcinwa kwemigodi yeoyile namanzi, ukuhlaziywa kwemigodi yeoyile namanzi, ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwedama kunye novavanyo lweoyile.
2. Umsebenzi wokulungisa
Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kweoyile kunye nokufakwa kwamanzi kwimithombo yeoyile namanzi, ngenxa yokwenziwa kwesanti kunye netyuwa, ukungcwatywa kwefom, ukunamathela kwesanti kwipompo, ukunamathela kwetyuwa, okanye ukufakwa kwe-wax yombhobho, ukubola kwevalvu yepompo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwepakethi, ukubhobhoza, ukupompa ioyile Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwentonga, imithombo yeoyile namanzi ayinakuveliswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Injongo yokugcinwa kwemithombo yeoyile namanzi kukubuyisela imveliso eqhelekileyo yemithombo yeoyile namanzi ngokusebenza nangokwakha.
Ukugcinwa kwemithombo yeoyile namanzi kuquka: ukuvavanywa kokufakwa kwemithombo yamanzi, ukutshintshwa kwetywina, ukulinganiswa kweprofayili yokufunxwa kwamanzi; ukuhlolwa kwempompo yemithombo yeoyile, ukucocwa kwesanti, ulawulo lwesanti, ukukrwela i-wax kwisingxobo, ukuvalwa kwamanzi kunye nonyango olulula lwengozi engaphantsi komhlaba kunye neminye imisebenzi yokusebenza.
Impompo yokuhlola umthombo weoyile
Xa ipompo yequla leoyile isebenza equleni, ihlaselwa yisanti, iwax, igesi, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela ukubola, eziya konakalisa izinto zepompo, zibangele ukuba ipompo yonakale, kwaye iqula leoyile liyeke ukuvelisa. Ke ngoko, ukujonga ipompo yindlela ebalulekileyo yokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwepompo kunye nokugcina imveliso eqhelekileyo yequla lokumpompa.
Umxholo ophambili womsebenzi wepompo yokuhlola iqula leoyile kukuphakamisa nokwehlisa intonga yokufunxa kunye nombhobho weoyile. Uxinzelelo lwendawo yokugcina amanzi aluphezulu, kwaye isixhobo sokugutyula singasetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokufuthula. Kwimigodi enezinto eziwayo okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu kancinci lokwakheka, amanzi anetyuwa okanye acocekileyo angasetyenziselwa imisebenzi yokufuthula emva kokuba iqula licinezelwe, kwaye ukubulala udaka kufuneka kuthintelwe.
Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka inikwe umsebenzi wokuhlola iipompo: ukubalwa ngokuchanekileyo kobunzulu beepompo, ukuhlanganiswa okufanelekileyo kweentonga zokufunxa kunye neetyhubhu, kunye nokusebenzisa iintonga zokufunxa ezifanelekileyo, iityhubhu kunye neepompo zemithombo enzulu, njl.njl., eziziindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweepompo.
Inaliti yamanzi e-oyile
Ukufakwa kwamanzi kwi-oyile yindlela esebenzayo yokugcina uxinzelelo lwe-oyile, kunye nenyathelo elifanelekileyo lokugcina imveliso ezinzileyo nephezulu ixesha elide kwiindawo ze-oyile, ukonyusa isantya sokubuyiselwa kwe-oyile kunye nesantya sokubuyiselwa ekugqibeleni.
Emva kokuba isicwangciso sophuhliso lokujova amanzi kwindawo yeoyile sigqityiwe, ukuze kufunyanwe ulwazi olufanelekileyo olufana noxinzelelo lokujova kunye nomthamo wokujova womaleko ngamnye wokujova, kufuneka kudlule inqanaba lokujova lovavanyo ngaphambi kokujova ngokusesikweni kwamanzi.
Ukufakwa kwesilingo: ngaphambi kokuba umthombo weoyile ufakwe ngokusesikweni kwinaliti yamanzi, inkqubo yovavanyo nokwakhiwa kwenaliti entsha okanye inaliti yokudluliselwa kwemithombo yeoyile ibizwa ngokuba yinaliti yokuvavanywa. Ngokukodwa kwiqula lokujova amanzi, kukususa ikeyiki yodaka, inkunkuma, kunye nokungcola eludongeni lomthombo nasezantsi komthombo omtsha okanye umthombo weoyile ngaphambi kokufakwa kwenaliti, kunye nokuchonga isalathisi sokufunxa amanzi sequla lokujova amanzi, ukubeka isiseko esihle sokuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso sokujova amanzi. Ukufakwa kwesilingo kwahlulwe ngamanqanaba amathathu, oko kukuthi ukukhupha amanzi, ukucoca amanzi, ukufakelwa kwenaliti kunye namanyathelo ongezelelweyo okufaka inaliti.
Ukuthintela amanzi okukhethiweyo
Kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwe-oyile, amanzi aphuma kwi-oyile aya kuyichaphazela kakhulu umsebenzi wophuhliso lwe-oyile, aze anciphise nezinga lokugqibela lokubuyiselwa kwe-oyile. Emva kokuba iqula le-oyile livelise amanzi, kuqala misela inqanaba lamanzi, uze usebenzise indlela yokuvala amanzi ukuze ulivale. Injongo yokuvala amanzi kukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-oyile evelisa amanzi kunye nokutshintsha indlela amanzi ahamba ngayo kwi-oyile ekhupha amanzi, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-oyile ekhupha amanzi, kunye nokuzama ukwenza imveliso yamanzi ye-oyile inciphe okanye izinze kangangexesha elithile, ukuze kugcinwe ukwanda kwemveliso ye-oyile okanye imveliso ezinzileyo kunye nokuphucula ukubuyiselwa kwe-oyile ekugqibeleni.
Itekhnoloji yokuvala amanzi inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: ukuvala amanzi ngoomatshini kunye nokuvala amanzi ngamakhemikhali. Ukuvala amanzi ngamakhemikhali kuquka ukuvala amanzi ngokukhetha kunye nokuvala amanzi okungakhethiyo kunye nokulungiswa kweprofayili yokufunxa amanzi kwimithombo yokufaka amanzi.
1.Ukufakelwa kwamanzi ngoomatshinikukusebenzisa izixhobo zokupakisha kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa umgodi ongaphantsi komhlaba ukuvala umaleko wokukhupha amanzi emthonjeni weoyile. Olu hlobo lokuvala amanzi alukhethi. Ngexesha lokwakha, umtya wepayipi kufuneka uxhotyiswe ukuze wenze isitywino sesihlalo sokupakisha sichaneke kwaye siqine, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokuvala amanzi. Le ndlela yokuvala amanzi inokutywina umaleko ongaphezulu ukuze kumbiwe umaleko ongezantsi, itywine umaleko ongezantsi ukuze kumbiwe umaleko ongaphezulu, okanye itywine umaleko ophakathi ukuze kumbiwe iziphelo zombini kwaye itywine iziphelo ezibini ukuze kumbiwe umaleko ophakathi.
2.Ukuvalwa kwamanzi ngamakhemikhalikukufaka i-arhente yokudibanisa iikhemikhali kumaleko wokukhupha amanzi, kwaye kusetyenziswe iipropati zeekhemikhali ze-arhente yokudibanisa okanye izinto eziveliswa kukutshintsha kwee-reactants zeekhemikhali ekubunjweni ukuze kutywinwe imijelo yokukhupha amanzi yokwakheka kunye nokunciphisa ukunqunyulwa kwamanzi okubanzi komthombo weoyile.
Ukuvala amanzi ngokukhetha kukukhupha ezinye iipolymers eziphezulu zeemolekyuli okanye ezinye izinto ezingaphiliyo ezithi ziqine kwaye ziqine xa zidibana namanzi zingene ekwakhiweni. I-hydrophilic gene kwi-polymer inobuhlobo kunye nokufunxwa kwamanzi xa idibana namanzi, kwaye iyanda; iyancipha xa idibana neoyile, kwaye ayinampembelelo yokufunxwa. Izinto ezingaphiliyo ezenza ukuna kunye nokuqina xa zidibana namanzi zinokuvala umjelo wokuphuma kwamanzi wokwakheka, kwaye aziyi kuvelisa ukuna okanye ukuqina xa zidibana neoyile.
Ukuvalwa kwamanzi okungakhethiyo ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwiinxalenye ze-sedimentation ukuvala iimbobo zokwakheka. Le ndlela yokuvala amanzi ayigcini nje ngokuvala umjelo wamanzi, kodwa ikwavala nomjelo weoyile.
Ukulungiswa kwemithombo yeoyile
Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imigodi yeoyile, ngokufuthi ngenxa yeengozi zemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nezinye izizathu, imigodi yeoyile namanzi ayinakuveliswa ngokwesiqhelo, ingakumbi emva kokuba kwenzeke izinto ezinamathelayo neziwayo phantsi komhlaba, ukuveliswa kwemigodi yeoyile namanzi kuya kuncitshiswa okanye kuyekwe, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, imigodi yeoyile namanzi iya kulahlwa. Ke ngoko, linyathelo elibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa okuqhelekileyo kwentsimi yeoyile ukuthintela ukwenzeka kweengozi zemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nokujongana nazo ngokukhawuleza. Izinto eziphambili eziqulethwe kukulungiswa kwemigodi yeoyile namanzi ziquka: ukuphathwa kweengozi zemigodi engaphantsi komhlaba, ukugcinwa kwezinto eziwileyo nzima, ukulungiswa kwekhava, ukuphambuka, njl.
Ukulungiswa kwemithombo yeoyile namanzi kuyinkimbinkimbi, kunzima, kwaye kufuna ubuchwephesha kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, kukho izizathu ezininzi zeengozi ezibangelwa yimingxunya engaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengozi ezibangelwa yimingxunya engaphantsi komhlaba. Iingozi eziqhelekileyo ezibangelwa yimingxunya engaphantsi komhlaba ngokubanzi zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu: iingozi zobugcisa, iingozi zemibhobho ebambeke emngxunyeni engaphantsi komhlaba kunye neengozi zezinto eziwela emngxunyeni engaphantsi komhlaba. Xa ujongene nayo, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa uhlobo lwengozi, ukufumanisa unobangela wengozi, kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo obuchwepheshe afanelekileyo ukuyisingatha ngokufanelekileyo. Zonke iingozi zobugcisa zenkqubo zenzeka ngexesha lenkqubo, kwaye zinokusingathwa kwangaphambili ngokwesizathu sengozi ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha. Iingozi ezinamathela emngxunyeni engaphantsi komhlaba kunye neengozi zezinto eziwela emngxunyeni engaphantsi komhlaba zezona ngozi ziphambili ezichaphazela imveliso eqhelekileyo yemithombo yeoyile namanzi. INGOZI. Kwakhona linani elikhulu leengozi eziqhelekileyo eziphantsi komhlaba.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-11-2023
5-1203, iDahua Industrial Zone, No.2 Yunshui Road, iHi-tech development zone, eXi'an, 710065, eTshayina
86-13609153141
