Yintoni umsebenzi ophambili wesithinteli sokuqhushumba?

Kwizakhiwo zokugrumba ioyile negesi, ukuze kugrumbe ngokukhuselekileyo kwiingqimba zeoyile negesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye kuthintelwe iingozi zokugrumba ezingalawulekiyo, iseti yezixhobo - isixhobo sokulawula umngxuma wokugrumba - kufuneka sifakwe entlokweni yomngxuma wokugrumba. Xa uxinzelelo olukwindawo yokugaya lungaphantsi koxinzelelo lokwakheka, ioyile, igesi, namanzi akwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba angena kwindawo yokugaya aze enze ukugcwala okanye ukukhaba. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukugrumba kunye neengozi zomlilo zinokwenzeka. Umsebenzi wesixhobo sokulawula umngxuma wokugrumba kukuvala ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza intloko yomngxuma xa kugrumba okanye ukukhaba emngxunyeni ukuthintela iingozi zokugrumba.

Izixhobo zokulawula imigodi yokugrumba ziquka ikakhulu: isixhobo sokuthintela ukuqhushumba, i-spool, i-remote control console, i-driller's console, i-choke and kill manifold, njl. Isixhobo sokulawula imigodi yokugrumba siyahlangabezana neemfuno zobuchwepheshe bokugrumba, kulula ukusisebenzisa, kwaye sinokuvala nokuvula intloko yemithombo ngokukhawuleza. Singalawulwa kwi-driller's console ye-drilling rig okanye kwi-console ekude kude nentloko yemithombo. Isixhobo kufuneka sibe noxinzelelo oluthile kwaye sinokwenza ukuqhushumba okulawulwayo, ukubulala kunye nokukhubeka kwezixhobo zokugrumba. Emva kokufaka isixhobo sokuthintela ukuqhushumba esijikelezayo, imisebenzi yokugrumba inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokubulala imigodi.

Ii-BOP zokubhola ngokubanzi zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-single ram, i-double ram, (annular) kunye nee-BOP ezijikelezayo. Ngokweemfuno zokwakheka okubholwa kunye netekhnoloji yokubhola, izithinteli ezininzi zokubhoboza zingasetyenziswa kunye ngaxeshanye. Kukho ubungakanani obuli-15 bee-BOP zokubhola ezikhoyo. Ukukhetha ubungakanani kuxhomekeke kubungakanani be-casing kuyilo lokubhola, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-BOP yokubhola bukhulu kancinci kunobubanzi bangaphandle be-casing coupling ephinda iqhutywe. Uxinzelelo lwe-blowout preventer luqala kwi-3.5 ukuya kwi-175 MPa, kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo ali-9 iyonke. Umgaqo wokukhetha umiselwa luxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-wellhead olunyamezelwayo xa uvala equleni.