Ingxaki kunye nonyango lwengxowa yodaka yokubhola

Izizathu zePDC bit balling

1. Izinto zeJografi: i-stratum eza kugrunjwa ludaka oluthambileyo olungenazo i-diagenetic kwinxalenye ephezulu, okulula kakhulu ukunamathela kumphezulu we-drill bit kwaye lubangele i-bit balling emva kokuxinana; nangona i-shale yodaka kwi-stratum i-diagenetic, kulula ukuyifumisa nokuyisasaza, okwenza i-wellbore. Umxholo wodaka okanye isigaba esiqinileyo kudaka uyanda kakhulu, ofunxwa kumphezulu we-drill bit ukuze kubangele i-mud balling; okanye ukwakheka kuqulethe i-gypsum esasazekileyo, ebangela ungcoliseko lodaka, kwaye isigaba esiqinileyo esiyingozi kudaka kunzima ukusisusa, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba i-drill bit ifakwe kwingxowa yodaka; Ukwakheka kunompompo ophezulu. Phantsi kwesenzo somahluko woxinzelelo, kufunxa isigaba esiqinileyo esinobungozi kwi-wellbore kunye neziqwenga ezingenziwanga ngexesha, zenze ikhekhe lodaka elingqindilili, eliqokelelana phantsi kwe-PDC bit xa likhubeka ukuze lenze ibhegi encinci.

3. Izinto zobuchwepheshe bobunjineli: ukufuduka ngexesha lokugrumba kuncinci, umzantsi womngxuma kunye neqhekeza lokugrumba azinakucocwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye isantya sokubuya phezulu asanelanga, kwaye iziqwenga zihlala emngxuma ixesha elide, zinamathele eludongeni lomngxuma ukuze zenze ikeyiki yodaka etyebileyo, ingakumbi kumbindi nakwinxalenye ephezulu. Kubi kakhulu xa isantya siphezulu; ekubunjweni kwamatye odaka athambileyo, uxinzelelo lokugrumba lukhulu kakhulu, ukwakheka okanye iziqwenga zokugrumba zenza unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo nomphezulu weqhekeza lokugrumba, okubangela ukuba iqhekeza libe mdaka; Ikeyiki yodaka ekhuhliweyo okanye iziqwenga ziya kuyipakisha iqhekeza lokugrumba ngodaka.

4. Izinto zokukhetha i-drill bit: uyilo lomngxuma wamanzi alunakwanelisa iimfuno zokususwa kwe-chip; i-engile yokususwa kwe-chip yomjelo wokuhamba kwamanzi ithintela ukusikwa ukuba kungaphumi kakuhle ezantsi komthombo.

5. Izinto ezichaphazela inqanaba lokusebenza: isantya sokugrumba sikhawuleza kakhulu, iqhekeza lokugrumba alityibiliki phantsi kwendlela ejikelezayo, kodwa lihlala likrwela ikhekhe lodaka okanye iziqwenga eludongeni lomthombo, nto leyo enokubangela ibhegi yebhithi ngokulula; Ayikokudibanisa i-kelly ukuze igubungele iqhekeza lokugrumba ngendlela ejikelezayo, kodwa kukucinezela okanye ukubhoboza phantsi, kwaye ikhekhe lodaka okanye iziqwenga ezikhutshiwe eludongeni lomthombo ziya kupakisha iqhekeza lokugrumba; indlela yokusebenza ayilunganga xa kugrunjwa ukuya ezantsi. , Emva kokuqalisa ipompo, iya kubangela ukuba iqhekeza lokugrumba libe sebhegini; xa kugrunjwa ngeendlela ezithambileyo, iqhekeza liya kuhanjiswa ngokungalinganiyo.

Ukuphathwa kwengxowa yodaka ye-PDC 

1. Umgaqo wokuqala wokujongana nee-drill bits ngulo: musa ukungxama ukubhola, kuba okukhona upakishwe kakhulu kokukhona kungcono;

2. Nokuba kuthintelwa okanye kunyangwa njani na ukugqobhoza udaka, akunakuphepheka ukulungisa ukusebenza kodaka. Ukuba kukho uphawu lweebhola zodaka kwindawo yokugqobhoza, ukugqobhoza kufuneka kumiswe ngoko nangoko kwaye kufuneka kufakwe isixhobo sokucoca equleni ukuze kucocwe indawo yokugqobhoza okokuqala;

3. Yeka ukubhola, yonyusa ukufuduka ukuze uphucule isiphumo sokufunxa amanzi nge-hydraulic, phakamisa i-drill bit phezulu ukuze ushiye ezantsi kwequla, yonyusa isantya sokujikeleza kwaye wonyuse amandla e-centrifugal ukuze kube lula ukulahla ibhloko yodaka, kwaye unyuke uye ezantsi amaxesha amaninzi, uze ucinezele ezantsi ukuya ezantsi kwequla ngaphandle kokujika uMjikelo we-turntable imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10, kwaye uphinde le nkqubo ingasentla; ukuba ayisebenzi kwimijikelo emi-2, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokutsala ngaphandle kwe-drill.

Isisombululo sesi: lawula ukongezwa kodongwe olumhlophe olusasazeke kakubi kunye ne-asphalt yejuniper xa uguqula kwaye ulungisa udaka, qalisa izixhobo zokulawula eziqinileyo ngexesha ukuze ususe amasuntswana amancinci anobungozi odaka ngexesha lokugrumba, kwaye utshintshe i-PDC bit phakathi kokugrumba. Ukujikeleza komoya ohambayo kususa udaka olunamathele kwi-drill bit ngelixa ugrumba ngexesha. Emva kokufikelela ezantsi, qala ujikeleze umgama omkhulu imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokugrumba. Ukubamba ezi khonkco zibalulekileyo kunokuthintela ngempumelelo i-PDC bit ekungqengqeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iingcali kufuneka ziqonde ngokuchanekileyo ukuba uxinzelelo lwepompo ye-standpipe lwenziwe luxinzelelo lokujikeleza kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo lwe-nozzle. Logama nje ukuhla koxinzelelo lwe-nozzle kungenanto, nokuba zingaphi na imingxuma yamanzi efakiweyo, uxinzelelo olumileyo aluyi kuchaphazeleka. Ke ngoko, ngokukhulula iliso, kungekuphela nje uxinzelelo oluthe nkqo alunakutshintshwa, kodwa ne-PDC drill bit idla ngokubangelwa lula ukuba ingqengqe.

2. Hlola kwaye uqonde imithetho yolawulo lwendlela yomzila womthombo okhokelayo kwibhloko nganye ngokukhawuleza, phucula ulwakhiwo lwesixhobo sokubhola, kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwe-PDC okubangelwa kukulungisa i-azimuth kunye nokuphambuka komthombo phakathi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ukubhola okuhlanganisiweyo kwicandelo elisezantsi lomthombo onokubhoboka kakubi, Ukusebenzisa ii-PDC bits eziphezulu ezinokuxhathisa ukuguguleka okuhle kunokuphucula isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwee-PDC bits kwaye kwandise isantya sokubhola.